{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2154607443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","title":"Recognizing English queries in Mandarin Voice Search","display_name":"Recognizing English queries in Mandarin Voice Search","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2154607443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","mag":"2154607443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103328626","display_name":"Hung-An Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung-An Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSAIL, MIT, USA","Google, Inc., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSAIL, MIT, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113807382","display_name":"Yun-Hsuan Sung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Hsuan Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001487094","display_name":"Brian Strope","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Strope","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110711540","display_name":"Fran\u00e7oise Beaufays","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francoise Beaufays","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Inc., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Inc., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":null,"first_page":"5016","last_page":"5019"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.869032621383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.799431324005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.55509352684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.546808123588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5411798357963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4840375781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4480052590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.381172776222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3601507544517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3501724600791931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14740407466888428}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138954614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9192","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","level":2,"score":0.869032621383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.799431324005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.55509352684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.546808123588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5411798357963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4840375781059265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4480052590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.381172776222229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3601507544517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3501724600791931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14740407466888428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2011.5947483","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.208.5437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.5437","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://groups.csail.mit.edu/sls/publications/2011/Chang_ICASSP2011.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185233690","https://openalex.org/W1260894361","https://openalex.org/W1584924955","https://openalex.org/W1904457459","https://openalex.org/W1968147312","https://openalex.org/W2033436836","https://openalex.org/W2106554350","https://openalex.org/W2109726413","https://openalex.org/W2125234026","https://openalex.org/W4299901747","https://openalex.org/W6607537165","https://openalex.org/W6635229022","https://openalex.org/W6676411926","https://openalex.org/W6678457041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2990005675","https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W1987783679","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W1521297879","https://openalex.org/W4253235840","https://openalex.org/W3151937861"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"improvements":[1],"in":[2,22,39,48,61,73,106],"speech":[3,75],"recognition":[4,76,97],"technology,":[5],"along":[6],"with":[7],"increased":[8],"computing":[9],"power":[10],"and":[11,64,88],"bigger":[12],"datasets,":[13],"have":[14],"considerably":[15],"improved":[16],"the":[17,20,23,54,65,96],"state":[18],"of":[19,98],"art":[21],"field,":[24],"making":[25],"it":[26,72],"possible":[27],"for":[28,67,124],"commercial":[29],"apps":[30],"such":[31,46],"as":[32],"Google":[33],"Voice":[34,104],"Search":[35],"to":[36,56,70,94,102],"serve":[37],"users":[38],"their":[40],"everyday":[41],"mobile":[42],"search":[43],"needs.":[44],"Deploying":[45],"systems":[47],"various":[49],"countries":[50],"has":[51],"shown":[52],"us":[53],"extent":[55],"which":[57],"multilingualism":[58],"is":[59],"present":[60],"some":[62,122],"cultures,":[63],"need":[66],"better":[68],"solutions":[69],"handle":[71],"our":[74],"systems.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"paper,":[80],"we":[81,92],"describe":[82],"a":[83,110,117],"few":[84],"early":[85],"data":[86],"sharing":[87],"model":[89],"combination":[90],"experiments":[91],"did":[93],"improve":[95],"English":[99,125],"queries":[100],"made":[101],"Mandarin":[103],"Search,":[105],"Taiwan.":[107],"We":[108],"obtained":[109],"12%":[111],"relative":[112],"sentence":[113],"accuracy":[114],"improvement":[115],"over":[116],"baseline":[118],"system":[119],"already":[120],"including":[121],"support":[123],"queries.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}