{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092609388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","title":"Robust codebook-based video background subtraction","display_name":"Robust codebook-based video background subtraction","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092609388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","mag":"2092609388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103006715","display_name":"A. K. Pal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3010-2932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317621060","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati","ror":"https://ror.org/0022nd079","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Pal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India","Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105462955","display_name":"Gerald Schaefer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-7674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerald Schaefer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, UK","[Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, U.K.]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, Loughborough University, U.K.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007288104","display_name":"M. Emre Celebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2721-6317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26489229","display_name":"Louisiana State University in Shreveport","ror":"https://ror.org/02c4cbt39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26489229"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Emre Celebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, USA","Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University in Shreveport, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26489229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University in Shreveport, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26489229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103006715"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8684,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9166267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1146","last_page":"1149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.9652434587478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.9593794345855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7079878449440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6630960702896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6623207330703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6517874598503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6179848313331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.49125784635543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4767618775367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtraction","display_name":"Subtraction","score":0.44746407866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-word","display_name":"Code word","score":0.41325563192367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3826214075088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1994750201702118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18696853518486023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.9652434587478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.9593794345855713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7079878449440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6630960702896118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6623207330703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6517874598503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6179848313331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.49125784635543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4767618775367737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68060419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40754","display_name":"Subtraction","level":2,"score":0.44746407866477966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153207627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863873","display_name":"Code word","level":3,"score":0.41325563192367554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3826214075088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1994750201702118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18696853518486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2010.5495367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067191022","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2114701396","https://openalex.org/W2117004362","https://openalex.org/W2118143383","https://openalex.org/W2121274305","https://openalex.org/W2135265773","https://openalex.org/W2140235142","https://openalex.org/W2142912032","https://openalex.org/W2148290050","https://openalex.org/W2158604775","https://openalex.org/W4246700601","https://openalex.org/W6675656709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767576492","https://openalex.org/W2034462085","https://openalex.org/W2337415362","https://openalex.org/W2740820121","https://openalex.org/W2141888456","https://openalex.org/W3096301266","https://openalex.org/W2536634271","https://openalex.org/W2110230079","https://openalex.org/W1643724255","https://openalex.org/W2980182036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dynamic":[0],"backgrounds":[1],"and":[2,43,54,101,136],"sudden":[3,135],"illumination":[4,138],"changes":[5],"are":[6],"two":[7],"of":[8,31,77,90,112,128],"the":[9,51,56,129],"major":[10],"problems":[11],"associated":[12],"with":[13,58,65],"background":[14,26,41,52,57,68,72,79,84,92,99,120,130],"subtraction":[15,27,44],"techniques.":[16],"In":[17,34,86],"this":[18],"paper,":[19],"we":[20,36,123],"present":[21,37,109,124],"a":[22,59,66,82,95,125],"novel":[23],"approach":[24,111],"to":[25,118,132],"that":[28],"addresses":[29],"both":[30,134],"these":[32],"challenges.":[33],"particular,":[35],"an":[38,75],"improved":[39],"codebook":[40,60,131],"modelling":[42],"technique.":[45],"We":[46,70,108],"utilise":[47],"image":[48,53],"segmentation":[49],"on":[50],"model":[55],"for":[61],"each":[62],"pixel":[63],"along":[64],"pseudo":[67],"layer.":[69,85],"perceive":[71],"motion":[73,100],"as":[74],"occlusion":[76],"one":[78,91],"layer":[80,93,97,116],"by":[81],"nearby":[83],"other":[87],"words,":[88],"sliding":[89],"over":[94],"neighbouring":[96],"causes":[98],"will":[102],"hence":[103],"result":[104],"in":[105],"false":[106],"segmentation.":[107],"our":[110],"codeword":[113],"spreading":[114],"across":[115],"boundaries":[117],"handle":[119,133],"motion.":[121],"Furthermore,":[122],"two-step":[126],"update":[127],"gradual":[137],"changes.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
