{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142986430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","title":"Effect of pronounciations on OOV queries in spoken term detection","display_name":"Effect of pronounciations on OOV queries in spoken term detection","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142986430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","mag":"2142986430"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112207449","display_name":"Do\u011fan Can","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dogan Can","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University, Turkey","Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Turkey,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Turkey,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082349516","display_name":"Erica Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-2793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erica Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088302697","display_name":"Abhinav Sethy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhinav Sethy","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM, Canada","IBM USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108227299","display_name":"Chris White","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, USA","Johns Hopkins University, USA\u2605"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, USA\u2605","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071715737","display_name":"Bhuvana Ramabhadran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhuvana Ramabhadran","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM, Canada","IBM USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055086464","display_name":"Murat Sara\u00e7lar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-8510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405392","display_name":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9tma90","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murat Saraclar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogazici University, Turkey","Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Turkey,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogazici University, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i University, Turkey,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112207449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405392"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.2915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98531248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3957","last_page":"3960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.8222013711929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7933447957038879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4451867938041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.43783196806907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3691307306289673}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.8222013711929321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7933447957038879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4451867938041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.43783196806907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3691307306289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8042658919","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BIDEB","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","funder_display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49437105","https://openalex.org/W114193738","https://openalex.org/W183136171","https://openalex.org/W210770835","https://openalex.org/W1582482241","https://openalex.org/W1860547055","https://openalex.org/W1983927863","https://openalex.org/W2004329216","https://openalex.org/W2015688877","https://openalex.org/W2063614293","https://openalex.org/W2074932712","https://openalex.org/W2111338354","https://openalex.org/W2122739968","https://openalex.org/W2127095586","https://openalex.org/W2155427043","https://openalex.org/W2156431836","https://openalex.org/W2168119002","https://openalex.org/W2540805764","https://openalex.org/W6602023532","https://openalex.org/W6604666349","https://openalex.org/W6608545824","https://openalex.org/W6638930181","https://openalex.org/W6678551619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,45,102],"spoken":[1,13],"term":[2],"detection":[3],"(STD)":[4],"task":[5],"aims":[6],"to":[7],"return":[8],"relevant":[9],"segments":[10],"from":[11,83,111],"a":[12],"archive":[14],"that":[15],"contain":[16],"the":[17,26,73,87,91,121],"query":[18],"terms":[19,38,81,123],"whether":[20],"or":[21,58],"not":[22,129],"they":[23],"are":[24,105,128],"in":[25,42,49],"system":[27,47,65],"vocabulary.":[28],"This":[29],"paper":[30,51],"focuses":[31],"on":[32],"pronunciation":[33,77],"modeling":[34],"for":[35,79,120],"out-of-vocabulary":[36],"(OOV)":[37],"which":[39],"frequently":[40],"occur":[41],"STD":[43,46],"queries.":[44],"described":[48],"this":[50],"indexes":[52,109],"word-level":[53],"and":[54,89,116],"sub-word":[55],"level":[56],"lattices":[57],"confusion":[59,96],"networks":[60,97],"produced":[61],"by":[62,94],"an":[63],"LVCSR":[64],"using":[66],"weighted":[67],"finite":[68],"state":[69],"transducers":[70],"(WFST).We":[71],"investigate":[72],"inclusion":[74],"of":[75],"n-best":[76],"variants":[78,119],"OOV":[80,122],"(obtained":[82],"letter-to-sound":[84],"rules)":[85],"into":[86],"search":[88],"present":[90],"results":[92],"obtained":[93],"indexing":[95],"as":[98,100],"well":[99,115],"lattices.":[101],"following":[103],"observations":[104],"worth":[106],"mentioning:":[107],"phone":[108],"generated":[110],"sub-words":[112],"represent":[113],"OOVs":[114],"too":[117],"many":[118],"degrade":[124],"performance":[125],"if":[126],"pronunciations":[127],"weighted.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}