{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144439039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","title":"Statistical nonidentifiability of close emitters: Maximum-likelihood estimation breakdown and its GSA analysis","display_name":"Statistical nonidentifiability of close emitters: Maximum-likelihood estimation breakdown and its GSA analysis","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144439039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","mag":"2144439039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112005763","display_name":"Yuri I. Abramovich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuri Abramovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), PO Box 1500, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), PO Box 1500, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024539438","display_name":"Ben A. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-967X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102068","display_name":"Lockheed Martin (Australia)","ror":"https://ror.org/016rz1a24","country_code":"AU","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167","https://openalex.org/I4210102068"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lockheed Martin Private Limited, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","Lockheed Martin Pty Ltd, PO Box 22, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Private Limited, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102068"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Pty Ltd, PO Box 22, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040396635","display_name":"N.K. Spencer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick Spencer","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISRD, DSTO, Adelaide Research & Innovation Private Limited, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","Adelaide Research & Innovation Pty Ltd (ARI), 200 Labs, ISRD, DSTO, PO Box 1500, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISRD, DSTO, Adelaide Research & Innovation Private Limited, Edinburgh, SA, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adelaide Research & Innovation Pty Ltd (ARI), 200 Labs, ISRD, DSTO, PO Box 1500, Edinburgh SA 5111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"a33","issue":null,"first_page":"2133","last_page":"2136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.8124616146087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.6727609634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood-sequence-estimation","display_name":"Maximum likelihood sequence estimation","score":0.6237636804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.551555335521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.5182385444641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.4845075309276581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.47873565554618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.4550224244594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4378981590270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.43171122670173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.41728657484054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33414456248283386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13815385103225708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.8124616146087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6727609634399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191462741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795902","display_name":"Maximum likelihood sequence estimation","level":3,"score":0.6237636804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.551555335521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5182385444641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4845075309276581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.47873565554618835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.4550224244594574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4378981590270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.43171122670173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.41728657484054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33414456248283386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13815385103225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2009.4960038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575372003","https://openalex.org/W1970790521","https://openalex.org/W2060581589","https://openalex.org/W2096480971","https://openalex.org/W2116345224","https://openalex.org/W2120350343","https://openalex.org/W2154982648","https://openalex.org/W2166678784","https://openalex.org/W4293005804","https://openalex.org/W4362230038"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978153144","https://openalex.org/W102848802","https://openalex.org/W2120595071","https://openalex.org/W1512911331","https://openalex.org/W1575258345","https://openalex.org/W2025556230","https://openalex.org/W2150616621","https://openalex.org/W2122958477","https://openalex.org/W1964091180","https://openalex.org/W2150061385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,23,42],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,20,26,35,52,68],"ldquoambiguity":[3],"regionrdquo":[4,71],"associated":[5],"with":[6,51],"erroneous":[7],"maximum-likelihood":[8,63],"(ML)":[9],"direction-of-arrival":[10],"(DOA)":[11],"estimates":[12],"of":[13,62],"closely":[14],"spaced":[15],"signals,":[16],"near":[17],"and":[18],"below":[19],"ldquoresolution":[21],"limitrdquo.":[22],"demonstrate":[24],"that":[25,44],"general":[27],"statistical":[28],"analysis":[29],"(GSA)":[30],"technique":[31],"can":[32],"accurately":[33],"predict":[34],"ambiguity":[36],"region":[37],"for":[38],"a":[39,58,77],"given":[40],"scenario.":[41],"consider":[43],"this":[45],"prediction":[46],"may":[47],"be":[48],"used":[49],"together":[50],"Barankin":[53],"bound":[54],"(BB)":[55],"to":[56],"form":[57],"more":[59],"comprehensive":[60],"description":[61],"estimation":[64],"(MLE)":[65],"performance":[66],"in":[67],"problematic":[69],"ldquothreshold":[70],"where":[72],"ML":[73],"techniques":[74],"suffer":[75],"from":[76],"dramatic":[78],"failure":[79],"rate":[80],"(ldquoperformance":[81],"breakdownrdquo).":[82]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}