{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124386917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","title":"A robust noise independent method to estimate out of focus blur","display_name":"A robust noise independent method to estimate out of focus blur","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124386917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","mag":"2124386917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607879","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":"1520-6149","issn":["1520-6149","2379-190X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069768247","display_name":"Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-508X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48379061","display_name":"Shahid Beheshti University","ror":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Ebrahimi Moghaddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Shahid Beheshti Univ., Tehran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069768247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48379061"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5454,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9379694,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1273","last_page":"1276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.7179057598114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.6690816879272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wiener-filter","display_name":"Wiener filter","score":0.6576638221740723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5994656682014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5854824185371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5809838771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5488475561141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4708549380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-blur","display_name":"Gaussian blur","score":0.45584338903427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.42771440744400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-of-field","display_name":"Depth of field","score":0.411529541015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4038012623786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3460186719894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34178435802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.2955631911754608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.18735185265541077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08587107062339783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.7179057598114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.6690816879272461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18537770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25523","display_name":"Wiener filter","level":2,"score":0.6576638221740723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5994656682014465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5854824185371399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5809838771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5488475561141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4708549380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894545","display_name":"Gaussian blur","level":5,"score":0.45584338903427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42771440744400024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183072630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215932","display_name":"Depth of field","level":2,"score":0.411529541015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4038012623786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3460186719894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34178435802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2955631911754608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18735185265541077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08587107062339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2008.4517849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607879","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":"1520-6149","issn":["1520-6149","2379-190X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986680430","https://openalex.org/W2042406285","https://openalex.org/W2049392174","https://openalex.org/W2093452015","https://openalex.org/W2098535678","https://openalex.org/W2110371742","https://openalex.org/W2119958004","https://openalex.org/W2147615947","https://openalex.org/W2149479098","https://openalex.org/W2542734709","https://openalex.org/W3144269773","https://openalex.org/W6647191328","https://openalex.org/W6729256594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2804237704","https://openalex.org/W2029783634","https://openalex.org/W1995402494","https://openalex.org/W2973107327","https://openalex.org/W2366375867","https://openalex.org/W2136367089","https://openalex.org/W2079262912","https://openalex.org/W2518160924","https://openalex.org/W2362327276","https://openalex.org/W2068194515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lens":[0],"defocus":[1],"causes":[2],"image":[3],"blurring.":[4],"Restoring":[5],"these":[6,47],"kind":[7],"of":[8,21,37,46,64,84,110],"images":[9,23],"is":[10,24],"an":[11,95],"interesting":[12],"research":[13],"field.":[14],"The":[15],"first":[16],"and":[17,40,102],"most":[18,45],"important":[19],"step":[20],"restoring":[22],"blur":[25,39,66,85],"identification.":[26],"Since":[27],"now,":[28],"many":[29],"researchers":[30],"have":[31,57],"presented":[32,58],"methods":[33,48],"to":[34,61],"estimate":[35,62],"out":[36,63],"focus":[38,65],"restore":[41],"original":[42],"images,":[43],"but":[44],"suffer":[49],"the":[50,75,91,108],"additive":[51],"noise.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54,111],"paper":[55],"we":[56],"a":[59],"method":[60,79,117],"precisely,":[67],"such":[68],"that":[69],"it":[70,89],"does":[71],"not":[72],"depend":[73],"on":[74],"noise":[76],"level.":[77],"This":[78],"uses":[80],"two":[81],"rough":[82],"estimates":[83],"function":[86,101],"parameters,":[87],"then":[88],"calculates":[90],"real":[92],"parameter":[93],"using":[94],"iterative":[96],"algorithm.":[97],"Wiener":[98],"filter,":[99],"Bessel":[100],"some":[103],"mathematical":[104],"relations":[105],"properties":[106],"are":[107],"bases":[109],"method.":[112],"Experimental":[113],"results":[114],"showed":[115],"our":[116],"gives":[118],"high":[119],"precision.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}