{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168764911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","title":"Robust Image Hashing Via Non-Negative Matrix Factorizations","display_name":"Robust Image Hashing Via Non-Negative Matrix Factorizations","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168764911","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","mag":"2168764911"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speed and Signal Processing Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014013504","display_name":"Vishal Monga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5100-2263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132870","display_name":"Xerox (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jwzwq24","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Monga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xerox Innovation Group, El Segundo, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xerox Innovation Group, El Segundo, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111886114","display_name":"M.K. Mihcak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.K. Mihcak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Cryptography and Anti-Piracy Group, Redmond, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Cryptography and Anti-Piracy Group, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"II","last_page":"225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.6872674822807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.6746709942817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.6539688110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.6424353122711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5889524221420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.53608238697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48390087485313416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46212315559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4603324830532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.414528489112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4062172770500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32143276929855347}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.6872674822807312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.6746709942817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.6539688110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6424353122711182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5889524221420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.53608238697052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48390087485313416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46212315559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4603324830532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.414528489112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4062172770500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32143276929855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2006.1660320","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speed and Signal Processing Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.309.9540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.309.9540","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.busim.ee.boun.edu.tr/~mihcak/publications/ICASSP06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551558511","https://openalex.org/W1647732624","https://openalex.org/W1660562555","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W2035460883","https://openalex.org/W2109376948","https://openalex.org/W2115247187","https://openalex.org/W2118804867","https://openalex.org/W2125810619","https://openalex.org/W2126554342","https://openalex.org/W2135029798","https://openalex.org/W2140285196","https://openalex.org/W2153809950","https://openalex.org/W2166554499","https://openalex.org/W2171073511","https://openalex.org/W3143596294","https://openalex.org/W6678531455","https://openalex.org/W6680012447","https://openalex.org/W6680600588"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127243424","https://openalex.org/W4390394189","https://openalex.org/W2037504162","https://openalex.org/W2539013788","https://openalex.org/W2792706544","https://openalex.org/W1568451138","https://openalex.org/W2156699640","https://openalex.org/W4294224199","https://openalex.org/W2951579230","https://openalex.org/W2613627778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,16],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,18],"propose":[4],"the":[5,24,35,38,56,64,79,86,109,120,128,136,160,165,183],"use":[6],"of":[7,26,37,47,85,119,130,151,167],"non-negative":[8],"matrix":[9,41],"factorization":[10],"(NMF)":[11],"for":[12,83,98,190],"robust":[13,191],"image":[14,40,100,179,192],"hashing.":[15],"particular,":[17],"view":[19],"images":[20,134],"as":[21,28,63,141],"matrices":[22],"and":[23,49,66,126,158],"goal":[25],"hashing":[27,101,193],"a":[29,177],"randomized":[30],"dimensionality":[31],"reduction":[32,60],"that":[33,58,91,115,153,182],"retains":[34],"essence":[36],"original":[39,87],"while":[42],"preventing":[43],"against":[44],"intentional":[45],"attacks":[46,132],"guessing":[48],"forgery.":[50],"Our":[51],"work":[52],"is":[53],"motivated":[54],"by":[55],"fact":[57],"standard-rank":[59],"techniques":[61],"such":[62],"QR,":[65],"singular":[67],"value":[68],"decomposition":[69],"(SVD),":[70],"produce":[71],"low":[72],"rank":[73],"bases":[74,114],"which":[75],"do":[76],"not":[77],"respect":[78],"structure":[80],"(i.e.":[81],"non-negativity":[82,110],"images)":[84],"data.":[88],"We":[89],"observe":[90],"NMFs":[92],"have":[93],"two":[94],"very":[95],"desirable":[96],"properties":[97],"secure":[99],"applications:":[102],"1)":[103],"The":[104],"additivity":[105],"property":[106],"resulting":[107],"from":[108],"constraints":[111],"results":[112],"in":[113,135,164],"capture":[116],"local":[117],"characteristics":[118],"image,":[121],"thereby":[122],"significantly":[123,186],"reducing":[124],"misclassification,":[125],"2)":[127],"effect":[129],"geometric":[131],"on":[133,146],"spatial":[137],"domain":[138],"manifests":[139],"(approximately)":[140],"independent":[142],"identically":[143],"distributed":[144],"noise":[145],"NMF":[147],"vectors,":[148],"allowing":[149],"design":[150],"detectors":[152],"are":[154],"both":[155],"computationally":[156],"simple":[157],"at":[159],"same":[161],"time":[162],"optimal":[163],"sense":[166],"minimizing":[168],"error":[169],"probabilities.":[170],"ROC":[171],"(receiver":[172],"operating":[173],"characteristics)":[174],"analysis":[175],"over":[176],"large":[178],"database":[180],"reveals":[181],"proposed":[184],"algorithms":[185],"outperform":[187],"existing":[188],"approaches":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}