{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2158694942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","title":"Combining Selection Tree with Observation Reordering Pruning for Efficient Speaker Identification Using GMM-UBM","display_name":"Combining Selection Tree with Observation Reordering Pruning for Efficient Speaker Identification Using GMM-UBM","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2158694942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","mag":"2158694942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. (ICASSP '05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015156845","display_name":"Zhenyu Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-9258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084318285","display_name":"Thomas Fang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0249-4767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103537561","display_name":"Zhanjiang Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanjiang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing d-Ear Technologies Company Limited, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing d-Ear Technologies Company Limited, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082058381","display_name":"Wenhu Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Speech Technology, State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"625","last_page":"628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.8340022563934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.703655481338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710879802703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.64044588804245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.6079641580581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5957682132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.577121376991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.45436033606529236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.45186617970466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.44870275259017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43310272693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.4176430106163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4114646315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3604521155357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21183133125305176}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.8340022563934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.703655481338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710879802703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.64044588804245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.6079641580581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5957682132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.577121376991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45436033606529236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.45186617970466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.44870275259017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43310272693634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.4176430106163025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4114646315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3604521155357361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21183133125305176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2005.1415191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. (ICASSP '05). IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.727.5776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.727.5776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cslt.riit.tsinghua.edu.cn/%7Efzheng/PAPERS/2005/0503E_ICASSP_Efficient-VPR%28Combining-ST-ORP%29_XZY%28ZF%29.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42176576","https://openalex.org/W61436546","https://openalex.org/W2041823554","https://openalex.org/W2123158946","https://openalex.org/W2149175990","https://openalex.org/W2152402526","https://openalex.org/W2165880886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373300491","https://openalex.org/W1212596013","https://openalex.org/W2378744544","https://openalex.org/W2594301978","https://openalex.org/W2379704676","https://openalex.org/W4206442282","https://openalex.org/W4285312748","https://openalex.org/W3203767529","https://openalex.org/W2157743338","https://openalex.org/W1578916557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,24],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"a":[3,36,38,74,89,94,106,122],"new":[4],"method":[5,58,72],"of":[6,31,65,108,116],"reducing":[7],"the":[8,29,52,70,103],"computational":[9],"load":[10],"for":[11,62],"Gaussian":[12,33],"mixture":[13],"model":[14,17,68],"universal":[15],"background":[16],"(GMM-UBM)":[18],"based":[19],"speaker":[20,67],"identification":[21],"is":[22,48],"proposed.":[23,49],"order":[25],"to":[26],"speed":[27,101],"up":[28,102],"selection":[30,39],"N-best":[32],"mixtures":[34],"in":[35,93],"UBM,":[37],"tree":[40],"(ST)":[41],"structure":[42],"as":[43,45],"well":[44],"relevant":[46],"operations":[47],"Combined":[50],"with":[51,96,111,121],"existing":[53],"observation":[54],"reordering":[55],"pruning":[56,64],"(ORP)":[57],"which":[59],"was":[60],"proposed":[61,71],"rapid":[63],"unlikely":[66],"candidates,":[69],"achieves":[73],"much":[75],"larger":[76],"computation":[77,104],"reduction":[78],"factor":[79,107],"than":[80],"any":[81],"single":[82],"individual":[83],"method.":[84],"Experimental":[85],"results":[86],"show":[87],"that":[88],"GMM-UBM":[90,124],"system":[91],"used":[92],"conjunction":[95],"ST":[97],"and":[98],"ORP":[99],"can":[100],"by":[105],"about":[109,118],"16":[110],"an":[112],"error":[113],"rate":[114],"increase":[115],"only":[117],"1%":[119],"compared":[120],"baseline":[123],"system.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
