{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018130343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","title":"Implementation of automatic capitalisation generation systems for speech input","display_name":"Implementation of automatic capitalisation generation systems for speech input","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018130343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","mag":"2018130343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607879","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451538","display_name":"Ji\u2010Hwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-2994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Hwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Cambridge University Engineering Department, Trumpington Street, CB2 IPZ, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University Engineering Department, Trumpington Street, CB2 IPZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002191410","display_name":"Philip C. Woodland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9069-0225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.C. Woodland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","Cambridge University Engineering Department, Trumpington Street, CB2 IPZ, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University Engineering Department, Trumpington Street, CB2 IPZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100451538"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13303342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"I","last_page":"857"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punctuation","display_name":"Punctuation","score":0.8187979459762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8037800788879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.689052939414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6750162839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6562846899032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.6465569734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6252282857894897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6209123134613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5021681785583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.19757744669914246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540372491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82622","display_name":"Punctuation","level":2,"score":0.8187979459762573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8037800788879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.689052939414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6750162839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6562846899032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6465569734573364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6252282857894897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6209123134613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5021681785583496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.19757744669914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2002.5743874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607879","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32283220","https://openalex.org/W75790607","https://openalex.org/W171402391","https://openalex.org/W192736094","https://openalex.org/W198928924","https://openalex.org/W1554031433","https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W1598259869","https://openalex.org/W2144621411","https://openalex.org/W2144896964","https://openalex.org/W2794655594","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6601318489","https://openalex.org/W6602498096","https://openalex.org/W6603064412","https://openalex.org/W6607019473","https://openalex.org/W6607863627","https://openalex.org/W6608203554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997182898","https://openalex.org/W2309273277","https://openalex.org/W1769849273","https://openalex.org/W2061937230","https://openalex.org/W1574295218","https://openalex.org/W113247760","https://openalex.org/W2547793174","https://openalex.org/W2132885390","https://openalex.org/W2070212102","https://openalex.org/W2132658536"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,22,42],"this":[1,23],"paper,":[2],"two":[3],"systems":[4,79],"are":[5,70,80],"proposed":[6],"for":[7,82],"the":[8,28,44,106,110],"task":[9],"of":[10],"capitalisation":[11],"generation.":[12],"The":[13,53,85],"first":[14,71],"system":[15,55,86,107],"is":[16,30,47,56],"a":[17,34],"slightly":[18],"modified":[19,108],"speech":[20,83,111],"recogniser.":[21,112],"system,":[24],"every":[25],"word":[26],"in":[27,33,39,73,97,103],"vocabulary":[29],"duplicated:":[31],"once":[32],"decapitalised":[35],"form":[36],"and":[37,63,91,102],"again":[38],"capitalised":[40,68],"forms.":[41],"addition,":[43],"language":[45],"model":[46],"re-trained":[48],"on":[49,58,88],"mixed":[50],"case":[51],"texts.":[52],"other":[54],"based":[57,87],"Named":[59],"Entity":[60],"(NE)":[61],"recognition":[62,90],"punctuation":[64,92],"generation,":[65],"since":[66],"most":[67],"words":[69,72],"sentences":[74],"or":[75],"NE":[76,89],"words.":[77],"Both":[78],"compared":[81],"input.":[84],"generation":[93],"shows":[94],"better":[95],"results":[96],"Word":[98],"Error":[99],"Rate":[100],"(WER)":[101],"F-measure":[104],"than":[105],"from":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
