{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1613096649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","title":"Vector quantization and perceptual criteria for low-rate coding of speech","display_name":"Vector quantization and perceptual criteria for low-rate coding of speech","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1613096649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","mag":"1613096649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '85. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022972370","display_name":"M. Copperi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298633626","display_name":"Telecom Italia Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/01rt74q71","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626","https://openalex.org/I137543953"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Copperi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSELT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSELT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009598702","display_name":"D. Sereno","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298633626","display_name":"Telecom Italia Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/01rt74q71","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626","https://openalex.org/I137543953"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Sereno","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSELT, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSELT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022972370"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79485887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"252","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.771116316318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-predictive-coding","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","score":0.7650294303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-coding","display_name":"Speech coding","score":0.7506066560745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7348595261573792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-vector-excitation-coding","display_name":"Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding","score":0.6752637624740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.6183319687843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psqm","display_name":"PSQM","score":0.5918086767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codec2","display_name":"Codec2","score":0.5220763087272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5130592584609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.49292540550231934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-excited-linear-prediction","display_name":"Code-excited linear prediction","score":0.46980318427085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.4683094918727875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.466824471950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-prediction","display_name":"Linear prediction","score":0.4297883212566376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.41992902755737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/full-rate","display_name":"Full Rate","score":0.4160165786743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3369501829147339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1603354513645172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14945894479751587}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.771116316318512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59883199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826438","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","level":3,"score":0.7650294303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13895895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270773","display_name":"Speech coding","level":2,"score":0.7506066560745239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7348595261573792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80167644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463990","display_name":"Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding","level":3,"score":0.6752637624740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.6183319687843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108699837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7120750","display_name":"PSQM","level":4,"score":0.5918086767196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75217168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105653","display_name":"Codec2","level":4,"score":0.5220763087272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5130592584609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.49292540550231934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105964291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856184","display_name":"Code-excited linear prediction","level":4,"score":0.46980318427085876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.4683094918727875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.466824471950531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131109320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581012","display_name":"Linear prediction","level":2,"score":0.4297883212566376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.41992902755737305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197477341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532845","display_name":"Full Rate","level":3,"score":0.4160165786743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3369501829147339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1603354513645172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14945894479751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '85. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1862249232","https://openalex.org/W1970272279","https://openalex.org/W1976313025","https://openalex.org/W2098039338","https://openalex.org/W2131664668","https://openalex.org/W2134383396","https://openalex.org/W2150418026","https://openalex.org/W2163904446","https://openalex.org/W6674645456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024719601","https://openalex.org/W2159307410","https://openalex.org/W1922590510","https://openalex.org/W2135636570","https://openalex.org/W2033907789","https://openalex.org/W1551277881","https://openalex.org/W1570840316","https://openalex.org/W2350749055","https://openalex.org/W1546003327","https://openalex.org/W2004662984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Considerable":[0],"effort":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3,28],"and":[4,16,47,91,101],"is":[5,96,112],"currently":[6,64],"being":[7],"concentrated":[8],"on":[9,63],"improving":[10,113],"the":[11,43,81,114,125],"speech":[12,37,45,72,130],"quality":[13,36,78,127],"at":[14],"low":[15,18,85],"very":[17],"bit":[19,86],"rates.":[20],"Recently":[21],"new":[22],"models":[23,52],"of":[24,42,75,83,128],"LPC":[25],"excitation":[26,115],"have":[27],"devised,":[29],"which":[30],"are":[31],"able":[32],"to":[33,59],"yield":[34],"good":[35],"by":[38],"exploiting":[39],"our":[40],"knowledge":[41],"human":[44],"production":[46],"perception":[48],"processes.":[49],"Unfortunately,":[50],"these":[51],"generally":[53],"require":[54],"too":[55],"much":[56],"computational":[57],"load":[58],"be":[60],"easily":[61],"implemented":[62],"available":[65],"hardware.":[66],"This":[67],"paper":[68],"describes":[69],"an":[70],"efficient":[71],"coder,":[73],"capable":[74],"providing":[76],"acceptable":[77],"speech,":[79],"within":[80],"limitations":[82],"both":[84],"rate":[87],"(approximately":[88],"2.4":[89],"kbit/s)":[90],"real-time":[92],"implementation.":[93],"The":[94],"coder":[95],"based":[97],"upon":[98],"pattern":[99],"classification":[100],"cluster":[102],"analysis":[103],"with":[104],"perceptually-meaningful":[105],"error":[106],"minimization":[107],"criteria.":[108],"Our":[109],"main":[110],"objective":[111],"representation":[116],"in":[117],"a":[118],"linear":[119],"predictive":[120],"coding":[121],"scheme":[122],"and,":[123],"hence,":[124],"subjective":[126],"synthesized":[129],"signals.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
