{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2113431852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","title":"A robust formant-based speech spectrum comparison measure","display_name":"A robust formant-based speech spectrum comparison measure","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2113431852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","mag":"2113431852"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '85. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108711222","display_name":"Melvyn J. Hunt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159778","display_name":"National Research Council Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04mte1k06","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197604219","display_name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq2w707","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Hunt","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","National Research Council of Canada Ottawa Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159778"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Canada Ottawa Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197604219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108711222"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197604219","https://openalex.org/I4210159778"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6358,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69355712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"1117","last_page":"1120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant","display_name":"Formant","score":0.9622915983200073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6260765790939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.5986742377281189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.591332197189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5863345861434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.5101209282875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4594801664352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-programming","display_name":"Dynamic programming","score":0.4329657554626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.41673150658607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.41463565826416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3709526062011719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3256491422653198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26526573300361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22213393449783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.17405173182487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.14229482412338257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414685","display_name":"Formant","level":3,"score":0.9622915983200073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6260765790939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.5986742377281189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.591332197189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5863345861434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5101209282875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4594801664352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.4329657554626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.41673150658607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.41463565826416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3709526062011719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3256491422653198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26526573300361633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22213393449783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.17405173182487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.14229482412338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1985.1168111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '85. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1582811089","https://openalex.org/W1920160043","https://openalex.org/W2022554507","https://openalex.org/W2062777009","https://openalex.org/W2067507236","https://openalex.org/W2113197526","https://openalex.org/W2132877153","https://openalex.org/W2166304107","https://openalex.org/W4232361032","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046217390","https://openalex.org/W4365503437","https://openalex.org/W2362995206","https://openalex.org/W2004825552","https://openalex.org/W1986672430","https://openalex.org/W2010725720","https://openalex.org/W4310066305","https://openalex.org/W2131825398","https://openalex.org/W2611973037","https://openalex.org/W2376117328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurately":[0],"labeled":[1],"(as":[2],"F":[3,8],"<inf":[4,9],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[5,10],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</inf>":[6],",":[7],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</inf>":[11],"etc.)":[12],"sets":[13,53,73],"of":[14,23,27,52,54,74,103],"formant":[15,55,75],"frequencies":[16,56,76],"are":[17,115,125],"known":[18],"to":[19,77,119],"be":[20,78],"good":[21],"indicators":[22],"the":[24,49,94,104,110,113],"phonetic":[25],"identity":[26],"a":[28,63],"speech":[29,39,81,123],"sound":[30],"and":[31,46],"thus":[32],"form":[33],"an":[34,57],"attractive":[35],"acoustic":[36],"representation":[37],"for":[38,107],"recognition.":[40],"Labeling":[41],"errors":[42],"are,":[43],"however,":[44],"common,":[45],"they":[47],"make":[48],"pairwise":[50],"comparison":[51,66],"unreliable":[58],"process.":[59],"In":[60,101],"this":[61,85],"paper":[62],"dynamic-programming-based":[64],"sequence":[65],"algorithm":[67,86],"is":[68],"proposed":[69],"which":[70],"allows":[71],"unlabeled":[72],"compared.":[79],"Preliminary":[80],"recognition":[82],"experiments":[83],"using":[84,97],"give":[87],"results":[88,114],"comparable":[89],"with":[90],"those":[91],"obtained":[92],"on":[93],"same":[95],"data":[96],"conventional":[98],"spectrum":[99],"matching.":[100],"view":[102],"likely":[105],"potential":[106],"improvement":[108],"in":[109],"formant-based":[111],"method,":[112],"considered":[116],"encouraging.":[117],"Applications":[118],"other":[120],"problems":[121],"involving":[122],"analysis":[124],"also":[126],"discussed.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}