{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1913817813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","title":"Locally constrained dynamic programming in automatic speech recognition","display_name":"Locally constrained dynamic programming in automatic speech recognition","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1913817813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","mag":"1913817813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '82. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033198799","display_name":"Roger K. Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-3311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112848","display_name":"Worcestershire Royal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01d6tbx77","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800951516","https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079477816","display_name":"Martin Russell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8324-4961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112848","display_name":"Worcestershire Royal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01d6tbx77","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800951516","https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Russell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113665216","display_name":"M. Tomlinson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112848","display_name":"Worcestershire Royal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01d6tbx77","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800951516","https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Tomlinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Worcestershire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033198799"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112848"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2717,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79271405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1270","last_page":"1273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9009000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-time-warping","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","score":0.8847420811653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-programming","display_name":"Dynamic programming","score":0.7906510829925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7706458568572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.6075021624565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5569149851799011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5312134027481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.45747610926628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duration","display_name":"Duration (music)","score":0.43426239490509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4283261299133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.42144161462783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40674737095832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.37380483746528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3316376507282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.28833168745040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09131279587745667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88516994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268863","display_name":"Dynamic time warping","level":2,"score":0.8847420811653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.7906510829925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7706458568572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6075021624565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5569149851799011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5312134027481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.45747610926628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.43426239490509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4283261299133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.42144161462783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40674737095832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.37380483746528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3316376507282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28833168745040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09131279587745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171515","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '82. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976882641","https://openalex.org/W1986092967","https://openalex.org/W1990005915","https://openalex.org/W2072054026","https://openalex.org/W2104135818","https://openalex.org/W2110690497","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2137089646","https://openalex.org/W2139106564","https://openalex.org/W2144195083","https://openalex.org/W2155126530","https://openalex.org/W4400950150","https://openalex.org/W4401371936","https://openalex.org/W6870275522","https://openalex.org/W6871709107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2419138286","https://openalex.org/W2580934630","https://openalex.org/W2507549656","https://openalex.org/W2050318184","https://openalex.org/W2182848507","https://openalex.org/W101156158","https://openalex.org/W2387825067","https://openalex.org/W2506414444","https://openalex.org/W2038117447","https://openalex.org/W2362065912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"years":[1],"have":[2],"seen":[3],"the":[4,12,33,56,65,95,140],"emergence":[5],"of":[6,11,35,58,68,109],"dynamic":[7,37,96,117],"programming":[8,38,118],"as":[9],"one":[10],"most":[13,41],"important":[14],"tools":[15],"available":[16,93],"for":[17,64,105],"overcoming":[18],"temporal":[19,53,148],"variability":[20,71,112],"problems":[21],"in":[22],"automatic":[23],"speech":[24],"recognition.":[25],"Considerable":[26],"research":[27],"effort":[28],"has":[29,43],"been":[30,44],"devoted":[31],"to":[32,76,87,94,135,147],"investigation":[34],"different":[36],"algorithms,":[39],"yet":[40],"work":[42],"concerned":[45],"with":[46],"global,":[47],"rather":[48],"than":[49],"local,":[50],"constraints":[51],"upon":[52],"variation.":[54],"Clearly":[55],"likelihood":[57],"timescale":[59,111],"distortion":[60],"is":[61,82],"not":[62],"constant":[63],"entire":[66],"duration":[67],"an":[69,107],"utterance;":[70],"must":[72],"be,":[73],"at":[74],"least":[75],"some":[77],"extent,":[78],"data":[79],"dependent.":[80],"It":[81],"therefore":[83],"desirable":[84],"that":[85,130],"information":[86],"this":[88,131],"effect":[89],"should":[90],"be":[91],"made":[92],"time":[97],"warping":[98],"process.":[99],"This":[100],"paper":[101],"describes":[102],"a":[103,115],"technique":[104,132],"obtaining":[106],"estimate":[108],"local":[110],"based":[113],"on":[114],"bi-directional":[116],"algorithm":[119],"and":[120],"basic":[121],"fuzzy":[122],"set":[123],"theory.":[124],"Results":[125],"are":[126,144],"presented":[127],"which":[128],"indicate":[129],"will":[133],"lead":[134],"improved":[136],"discrimination,":[137],"especially":[138],"if":[139],"differences":[141],"between":[142],"classes":[143],"mainly":[145],"due":[146],"structure.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
