{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1912504566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","title":"The klattalk text-to-speech conversion system","display_name":"The klattalk text-to-speech conversion system","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1912504566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","mag":"1912504566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '82. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069744359","display_name":"Dennis H. Klatt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. Klatt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing, CA, USA","Speech Incorporated, Cambridge, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Incorporated, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069744359"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95697153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1589","last_page":"1592"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9495000243186951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8033101558685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.7799422740936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturalness","display_name":"Naturalness","score":0.5951221585273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5894214510917664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.5432052612304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligibility","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","score":0.5394412279129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.49753883481025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4687030017375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vowel","display_name":"Vowel","score":0.4404316544532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.430152952671051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4128214120864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.16896551847457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13077113032341003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8033101558685303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.7799422740936279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134537474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17144832","display_name":"Naturalness","level":2,"score":0.5951221585273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5894214510917664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.5432052612304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5394412279129028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.49753883481025696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4687030017375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.4404316544532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.430152952671051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4128214120864868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16896551847457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13077113032341003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp.1982.1171431","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICASSP '82. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652994534","https://openalex.org/W1999885698","https://openalex.org/W2065218789","https://openalex.org/W2124372709","https://openalex.org/W4302342693","https://openalex.org/W6678377388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079655441","https://openalex.org/W2912293245","https://openalex.org/W1604114751","https://openalex.org/W2032941915","https://openalex.org/W2075706796","https://openalex.org/W2549308614","https://openalex.org/W3018584924","https://openalex.org/W2023694213","https://openalex.org/W2958354987","https://openalex.org/W2146137281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,63],"real":[1],"time":[2],"text-to-speech":[3],"conversion":[4],"system":[5,34],"has":[6],"been":[7],"developed.":[8],"Input":[9],"is":[10,29,91],"ordinary":[11],"English":[12],"spelling":[13],"and/or":[14],"simple":[15,65],"numerical":[16],"and":[17,73,82,99,120],"algebraic":[18],"expressions.":[19],"Dynamic":[20],"selection":[21],"between":[22],"a":[23,36,54,96],"male":[24],"or":[25],"female":[26],"output":[27],"voice":[28],"under":[30],"user":[31],"control.":[32],"The":[33,87,102],"executes":[35],"set":[37,115],"of":[38,48,59,71,84,108,116,127],"about":[39,60],"500":[40],"letter-to-sound":[41],"rules":[42,119,123],"to":[43,78,93],"guess":[44],"at":[45],"the":[46,80,125],"pronunciation":[47],"words":[49],"that":[50],"do":[51],"not":[52],"match":[53],"carefully":[55],"selected":[56],"exceptions":[57],"dictionary":[58],"1500":[61],"words.":[62],"very":[64],"syntactic":[66],"analyzer":[67],"determines":[68],"probable":[69],"locations":[70],"phrase":[72],"clause":[74],"boundaries":[75],"in":[76,111],"order":[77],"improve":[79],"naturalness":[81],"intelligibility":[83],"input":[85],"sentences.":[86],"resulting":[88],"phonemic":[89],"representation":[90],"converted":[92],"speech":[94],"by":[95],"synthesis-by-rule":[97],"program":[98,104],"formant":[100],"synthesizer.":[101],"rule":[103],"differs":[105],"from":[106],"others":[107],"this":[109],"type":[110],"having":[112],"an":[113],"extensive":[114],"segment":[117],"duration":[118],"many":[121],"detailed":[122],"for":[124],"synthesis":[126],"consonant-vowel":[128],"transitions.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}