{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119946054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","title":"To Embody or Not: A Cross Human-Robot and Human-Computer Interaction (HRI/HCI) Study on the Efficacy of Physical Embodiment","display_name":"To Embody or Not: A Cross Human-Robot and Human-Computer Interaction (HRI/HCI) Study on the Efficacy of Physical Embodiment","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119946054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","mag":"3119946054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003252250","display_name":"Damith Herath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-5265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Damith C. Herath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Robotics Lab, Human Centered Technology Research Centre at the University of Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Robotics Lab, Human Centered Technology Research Centre at the University of Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017708872","display_name":"Nicole Binks","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole Binks","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Health at the University of Canberra, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Health at the University of Canberra, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036676762","display_name":"Janie Busby Grant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7330-0213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janie Busby Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Applied Psychology, School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Applied Psychology, School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003252250"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1156,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81281116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"848","last_page":"853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7405490875244141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercialization","display_name":"Commercialization","score":0.6755930185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.6733282208442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.625789225101471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.6068695783615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.5839709043502808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-robot","display_name":"Social robot","score":0.5759830474853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5416096448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.5086801648139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4505853056907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-agent","display_name":"Embodied agent","score":0.4468020796775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.3801448345184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24519267678260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1320185661315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-control","display_name":"Robot control","score":0.0999060869216919}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7405490875244141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.6755930185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.6733282208442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.625789225101471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.6068695783615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.5839709043502808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162947575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2005645","display_name":"Social robot","level":5,"score":0.5759830474853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5416096448898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.5086801648139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4505853056907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103683099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370102","display_name":"Embodied agent","level":3,"score":0.4468020796775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.3801448345184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24519267678260803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1320185661315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.0999060869216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305520","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3319127958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20180255","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320992","funder_display_name":"University of Canberra"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320992","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008647862","https://openalex.org/W2010060754","https://openalex.org/W2032568497","https://openalex.org/W2060981264","https://openalex.org/W2074345576","https://openalex.org/W2077007094","https://openalex.org/W2099019320","https://openalex.org/W2127241481","https://openalex.org/W2137577228","https://openalex.org/W2160379528","https://openalex.org/W2177485044","https://openalex.org/W2293204326","https://openalex.org/W2622863697","https://openalex.org/W2713640100","https://openalex.org/W2776091454","https://openalex.org/W2805647790","https://openalex.org/W2809010248","https://openalex.org/W6740118947","https://openalex.org/W6747463927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3181705171","https://openalex.org/W2160434794","https://openalex.org/W3005142023","https://openalex.org/W2166267632","https://openalex.org/W2049851324","https://openalex.org/W4250841346","https://openalex.org/W2344425795","https://openalex.org/W2902781206","https://openalex.org/W2759485689","https://openalex.org/W4388623439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,77],"plethora":[1],"of":[2,34,37,52,55,88,109,111,126,143],"commercial":[3,132,141],"social":[4,7,95,127,145],"robots":[5,23,128],"and":[6,74,129],"robotics":[8],"startups":[9],"have":[10,136],"risen":[11],"over":[12],"the":[13,35,50,53,86,107,115,139],"last":[14],"few":[15],"years.":[16],"At":[17],"a":[18,30,38,44,66,72,121],"cursory":[19],"glance,":[20],"most":[21],"such":[22,56,90,144],"are":[24],"merely":[25],"conversational":[26],"agents,":[27],"essentially":[28],"offering":[29],"similar":[31],"or":[32],"subset":[33],"capabilities":[36],"smart":[39],"communication":[40],"device":[41],"embodied":[42],"in":[43,93,100,114],"mobile/semi-mobile":[45],"robotic":[46],"platform.":[47],"This":[48],"raises":[49],"question":[51],"efficacy":[54],"an":[57],"approach.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60],"paper,":[61],"we":[62,118],"explore":[63],"embodiment":[64],"using":[65],"social,":[67],"in-the-wild":[68],"interaction":[69],"scenario,":[70],"comparing":[71],"Human-Computer":[73],"Human-Robot":[75],"context.":[76],"public":[78],"site":[79],"has":[80],"been":[81],"deliberately":[82],"chosen":[83],"to":[84,99],"highlight":[85],"importance":[87],"conducting":[89],"user":[91],"studies":[92],"unconstrained":[94],"settings":[96],"as":[97,120],"opposed":[98],"controlled":[101],"lab":[102],"settings.":[103],"Increasing":[104],"evidence":[105],"suggest":[106],"lack":[108],"generalizability":[110],"lab-based":[112],"results":[113,135],"wild,":[116],"which":[117],"argue":[119],"reason":[122],"for":[123,138],"misguided":[124],"commercialization":[125],"their":[130],"eventual":[131],"failures.":[133],"The":[134],"implications":[137],"longterm":[140],"viability":[142],"robots.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
