{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120820701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","title":"A Progressive Weighted Average Weight Optimisation Ensemble Technique for Fruit and Vegetable Classification","display_name":"A Progressive Weighted Average Weight Optimisation Ensemble Technique for Fruit and Vegetable Classification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120820701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","mag":"3120820701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062322934","display_name":"Khurram Hameed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-3568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurram Hameed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056138775","display_name":"Douglas Chai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-7608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Chai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003097408","display_name":"Alexander Rassau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8295-5681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Rassau","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University,Joondalup, Perth,WA,Australia,6027","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93272956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"303","last_page":"308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.8717032670974731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.7667952179908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7063172459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.7036705613136292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6517155766487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6350210905075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6151022911071777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.555183470249176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48830604553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.47165074944496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.45278167724609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.44620436429977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.44134238362312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.37239977717399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3035314083099365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.8717032670974731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.7667952179908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7063172459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.7036705613136292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6517155766487122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6350210905075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6151022911071777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.555183470249176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48830604553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.47165074944496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.45278167724609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.44620436429977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.44134238362312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.37239977717399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3035314083099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305474","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.ecu.edu.au:ecuworkspost2013-10693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/9687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401966","display_name":"Edith Cowan University Research Online (Edith Cowan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12079687","host_organization_name":"Edith Cowan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12079687"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research outputs 2014 to 2021","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4405157418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5-1/HRD/UESTP(Batch-V)/1182/2017/HEC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320988","display_name":"Edith Cowan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jhnwe22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534477342","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1963939054","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2274287116","https://openalex.org/W2311717862","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2512006179","https://openalex.org/W2578980197","https://openalex.org/W2612445135","https://openalex.org/W2760244101","https://openalex.org/W2768656470","https://openalex.org/W2775795276","https://openalex.org/W2786225488","https://openalex.org/W2788663687","https://openalex.org/W2892570125","https://openalex.org/W2897878369","https://openalex.org/W2898685308","https://openalex.org/W2899391809","https://openalex.org/W2922983394","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2997281645","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4300939921","https://openalex.org/W6694260854"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288084884","https://openalex.org/W4200409985","https://openalex.org/W3153891452","https://openalex.org/W2963008443","https://openalex.org/W3202078182","https://openalex.org/W3120820701","https://openalex.org/W3095523211","https://openalex.org/W4296784656","https://openalex.org/W3163102128","https://openalex.org/W4310989423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"classification":[1,74],"of":[2,21,59,66,70,93,115,178,187],"fruit":[3,71],"and":[4,19,42,68,72,96,117,175],"vegetables":[5],"at":[6],"supermarket":[7,196],"self-checkouts":[8],"is":[9,75,110],"a":[10,40,76,100,126,137,155,191,194],"complex":[11],"problem.":[12],"Significant":[13],"variations":[14,29],"in":[15,30,136,193],"the":[16,31,57,64,80,91,113,122,142,162,185],"size,":[17],"shape":[18],"colour":[20],"objects":[22],"are":[23,149],"involved,":[24],"along":[25],"with":[26],"potentially":[27],"large":[28],"environmental":[32],"conditions,":[33],"must":[34],"be":[35],"accommodated":[36],"to":[37,63,79,112,140,154,160],"implement":[38],"such":[39],"robust":[41],"effective":[43,143],"system.":[44],"Convolution":[45],"Neural":[46],"Networks":[47],"(CNNs)":[48],"have":[49,133],"shown":[50],"promising":[51],"results":[52],"for":[53,83,166],"object":[54],"classifications.":[55],"However,":[56],"scarcity":[58],"training":[60],"datasets":[61],"due":[62],"diversity":[65],"varieties":[67],"applications":[69],"vegetable":[73],"significant":[77],"limitation":[78],"CNN":[81],"implementation":[82],"this":[84,188],"task.":[85],"To":[86],"overcome":[87],"this,":[88],"we":[89],"propose":[90],"use":[92],"transfer":[94,101,120],"learning":[95,102,121],"ensemble":[97,108,179],"technique.":[98],"Specifically,":[99],"based":[103],"weighted":[104],"average":[105],"weight":[106],"optimisation":[107,131],"technique":[109,189],"applied":[111,135],"weights":[114,144,148],"GoogleNet":[116],"MobileNet":[118,174],"by":[119],"pre-trained":[123],"CNNs":[124],"using":[125],"custom":[127],"dataset.":[128],"Two":[129],"hyperparameter":[130],"techniques":[132],"been":[134,181],"sequential":[138],"way":[139],"identify":[141],"progressively.":[145],"The":[146],"optimised":[147],"used":[150],"as":[151,190],"an":[152],"input":[153],"normalised":[156],"exponential":[157],"softmax":[158],"layer":[159],"estimate":[161],"final":[163],"probability":[164],"distribution":[165],"classification.":[167],"A":[168],"comparative":[169],"evaluation":[170],"among":[171],"standalone":[172],"GoogleNet,":[173],"different":[176],"levels":[177],"has":[180],"presented,":[182],"which":[183],"supports":[184],"adoption":[186],"solution":[192],"real-world":[195],"environment.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}