{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119918773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","title":"Robust Real-time Face Tracking for People Wearing Face Masks","display_name":"Robust Real-time Face Tracking for People Wearing Face Masks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119918773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","mag":"3119918773"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020477816","display_name":"Xinggan Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-8576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinggan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061256037","display_name":"Huiping Zhuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4612-5445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiping Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061746912","display_name":"Guang-Bin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-4965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang-Bin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032690182","display_name":"Haizhou Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-9401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haizhou Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049506273","display_name":"Zhiping Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-1226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiping Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"779","last_page":"783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-masks","display_name":"Face masks","score":0.8050130605697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-motion-capture","display_name":"Facial motion capture","score":0.763681948184967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.7353044748306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7311798334121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7289222478866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6722345948219299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6123589873313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.556746244430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.4584718346595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.38769441843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.15356308221817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.12565740942955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08100005984306335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909791563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428367","display_name":"Face masks","level":5,"score":0.8050130605697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.763681948184967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.7353044748306274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7311798334121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7289222478866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6722345948219299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6123589873313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.556746244430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.4584718346595764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.38769441843032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15356308221817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.12565740942955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08100005984306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv50220.2020.9305356","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 16th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G592885091","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1922500052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","funder_display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00zgdb249"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521019969","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W2022394524","https://openalex.org/W2044339004","https://openalex.org/W2105934661","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2209193152","https://openalex.org/W2222512263","https://openalex.org/W2237765446","https://openalex.org/W2252355370","https://openalex.org/W2545808872","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2800990595","https://openalex.org/W2911392513","https://openalex.org/W2963011882","https://openalex.org/W2963566548","https://openalex.org/W2988772363","https://openalex.org/W3009802373","https://openalex.org/W3010670817","https://openalex.org/W3010785824","https://openalex.org/W3012756311","https://openalex.org/W3034552680","https://openalex.org/W3104218139","https://openalex.org/W4295331127","https://openalex.org/W6631782140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4308999381","https://openalex.org/W3183843611","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W3211418293","https://openalex.org/W3119918773","https://openalex.org/W4308999963","https://openalex.org/W4312081214","https://openalex.org/W2059356388","https://openalex.org/W53042703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,15,111],"the":[2,5,42,87,102,125,129,135],"outbreak":[3],"of":[4,44,94,134],"novel":[6],"coronavirus":[7],"(or":[8],"known":[9],"as":[10,107],"COVID-19),":[11],"people":[12,51,66,95,118],"are":[13],"advised":[14],"wear":[16],"masks":[17,54,71],"when":[18,137],"they":[19],"stay":[20],"outdoors":[21],"in":[22,28,114,139,148],"many":[23],"countries.":[24],"This":[25,74,143],"could":[26,131],"result":[27],"difficulty":[29],"for":[30,50,65,117],"some":[31],"public":[32,79],"safety":[33],"surveillance":[34],"systems":[35],"involving":[36],"face":[37,45,53,70,80,92,97,115,120],"detection":[38,46],"or":[39,68],"tracking.":[40],"Therefore,":[41],"development":[43],"and":[47],"tracking":[48,63,116,140],"algorithms":[49],"wearing":[52,96,119],"is":[55,72,76,105,109],"particularly":[56],"important.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59,149],"paper,":[60],"a":[61],"real-time":[62],"algorithm":[64,75,104,130],"with":[67,82],"without":[69,84],"proposed.":[73],"trained":[77],"on":[78],"datasets":[81],"faces":[83],"masks.":[85,121],"Although":[86],"training":[88],"does":[89],"not":[90],"involve":[91],"images":[93],"masks,":[98],"we":[99],"show":[100],"that":[101],"proposed":[103],"robust":[106],"it":[108],"able":[110],"perform":[112],"well":[113],"We":[122],"also":[123],"discuss":[124],"possible":[126],"scenarios":[127],"where":[128],"lose":[132],"track":[133],"target":[136],"experimenting":[138],"masked":[141],"faces.":[142],"can":[144],"motivate":[145],"future":[146],"research":[147],"area.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
