{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127232322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","title":"Efficient face recognition with a large database","display_name":"Efficient face recognition with a large database","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127232322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","mag":"2127232322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054654128","display_name":"Siu-Hong Tse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siu-Hong Tse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kawloon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kawloon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019678322","display_name":"Kin\u2010Man Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-8454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kin-Man Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kawloon"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Eng., Hong Kong Polytech. Univ., Kawloon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054654128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.355,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66406485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"944","last_page":"949"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13579","display_name":"Image and Video Stabilization","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7686506509780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.666111946105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6181541681289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6068293452262878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.5902342796325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.5148969888687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/view","display_name":"View","score":0.5005013942718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-index","display_name":"Database index","score":0.481623113155365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.44789087772369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44056233763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4326450228691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-theory","display_name":"Database theory","score":0.4175453782081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-design","display_name":"Database design","score":0.39341938495635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3920317590236664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7686506509780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.666111946105957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6181541681289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6068293452262878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.5902342796325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.5148969888687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54239708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329910","display_name":"View","level":3,"score":0.5005013942718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59276292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580427","display_name":"Database index","level":3,"score":0.481623113155365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.44789087772369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44056233763694763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4326450228691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12439846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4809258","display_name":"Database theory","level":3,"score":0.4175453782081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148840519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049878","display_name":"Database design","level":2,"score":0.39341938495635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3920317590236664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795645","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/50050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/50050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975961587","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W2017671889","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2041367898","https://openalex.org/W2055843181","https://openalex.org/W2088900896","https://openalex.org/W2095757522","https://openalex.org/W2096813265","https://openalex.org/W2112162870","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2138584058","https://openalex.org/W2165731615","https://openalex.org/W2533417882","https://openalex.org/W6728956142"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502610062","https://openalex.org/W584886505","https://openalex.org/W2188578519","https://openalex.org/W2140379930","https://openalex.org/W2607324466","https://openalex.org/W2079992169","https://openalex.org/W582983836","https://openalex.org/W3162115094","https://openalex.org/W1568401719","https://openalex.org/W2077484291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Face":[0],"recognition":[1,14,226],"has":[2],"a":[3,18,54,67,118,158,165,173,184,190,213,221],"wide":[4],"range":[5],"of":[6,10,21,33,56,101,135,175,183,193,199],"applications,":[7],"and":[8,105,130,197,208,224],"most":[9],"the":[11,25,31,38,76,87,102,136,141,146,150,181,200,216],"current":[12],"face":[13,26,148,186,214],"algorithms":[15],"can":[16,110,228],"achieve":[17],"high":[19],"level":[20],"accuracy.":[22],"However,":[23],"when":[24],"database":[27,42,88,174,192,202],"is":[28,122,131,163],"very":[29],"large,":[30],"amount":[32],"computation":[34],"required":[35],"to":[36,52,59,99,126,145,156],"search":[37,212],"faces":[39,85,144],"in":[40,86,92,133,149,189,215],"that":[41],"becomes":[43],"an":[44,61],"important":[45],"concern.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"we":[50],"propose":[51],"use":[53],"number":[55],"vantage":[57,71,103,108,128],"objects":[58,72],"form":[60,111,157],"efficient":[62],"indexing":[63],"structure":[64],"for":[65],"searching":[66],"huge":[68],"database.":[69,167],"These":[70],"are":[73,89,154,204],"constructed":[74],"using":[75],"discriminative":[77],"features":[78],"extracted":[79],"from":[80],"Gabor":[81],"wavelets.":[82],"The":[83],"training":[84,143],"ranked":[90,115,123,137,152],"either":[91],"ascending":[93],"or":[94,113],"descending":[95],"order":[96],"with":[97,124,172],"reference":[98,125],"each":[100,107,127,134],"objects,":[104],"hence":[106],"object":[109],"one":[112],"more":[114,176,222],"lists.":[116],"With":[117],"query":[119,147,185],"face,":[120],"it":[121],"object,":[129],"positioned":[132],"lists":[138,153],"accordingly.":[139],"Then,":[140],"neighboring":[142],"respective":[151],"selected":[155,188],"much":[159,217],"smaller":[160,218],"database,":[161,220],"which":[162],"called":[164],"condensed":[166,191,219],"Experimental":[168],"results":[169],"show":[170],"that,":[171],"than":[177],"2000":[178],"distinct":[179],"faces,":[180],"probabilities":[182],"being":[187],"36%,":[194],"26%,":[195],"11%,":[196],"6%":[198],"original":[201],"size":[203],"99%,":[205],"98%,":[206],"95%,":[207],"90%,":[209],"respectively.":[210],"To":[211],"computational":[223],"accurate":[225],"algorithm":[227],"then":[229],"be":[230],"adopted.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
