{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001324539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","title":"Rise time based characterization of sub-millimeter SMA helical actuator for sensorless displacement estimation","display_name":"Rise time based characterization of sub-millimeter SMA helical actuator for sensorless displacement estimation","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001324539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","mag":"2001324539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 6th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications (ICARA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109377969","display_name":"M Sreekanth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114845381","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","ror":"https://ror.org/03yyd7552","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sreekanth M","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Calicut, Electrical Engineering, Calicut, India","Research Scholar, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Calicut, Electrical Engineering, Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Scholar, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008767730","display_name":"Abraham T. Mathew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-4900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114845381","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","ror":"https://ror.org/03yyd7552","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham T Mathew","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology Calicut, Electrical Engineering, Calicut, India","Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology Calicut, Electrical Engineering, Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046573123","display_name":"R. Vijayakumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114845381","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Calicut","ror":"https://ror.org/03yyd7552","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Vijayakumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India","Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114845381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5617,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63669788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"343","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10865","display_name":"Shape Memory Alloy Transformations","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.9553999900817871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10810","display_name":"Polymer composites and self-healing","score":0.9239000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sma*","display_name":"SMA*","score":0.8749507665634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.7881761789321899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6401902437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.6171575784683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5694103240966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductance","display_name":"Inductance","score":0.5537810325622559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring","display_name":"Spring (device)","score":0.5375776886940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position-sensor","display_name":"Position sensor","score":0.41907230019569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3918669819831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.37927916646003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.34003883600234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-displacement","display_name":"Angular displacement","score":0.30602413415908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2753307819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.24336716532707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1772094964981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1393110454082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12294170260429382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161921814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493743","display_name":"SMA*","level":2,"score":0.8749507665634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.7881761789321899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6401902437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6171575784683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5694103240966797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29210110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897","display_name":"Inductance","level":3,"score":0.5537810325622559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.5375776886940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29258643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2937669","display_name":"Position sensor","level":3,"score":0.41907230019569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3918669819831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37927916646003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.34003883600234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108439606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305038","display_name":"Angular displacement","level":2,"score":0.30602413415908813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2753307819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.24336716532707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1772094964981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1393110454082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12294170260429382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2015.7081171","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 6th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications (ICARA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W355307759","https://openalex.org/W1968641859","https://openalex.org/W1993056093","https://openalex.org/W1994787237","https://openalex.org/W2037547459","https://openalex.org/W2043442719","https://openalex.org/W2078099318","https://openalex.org/W2086828347","https://openalex.org/W2091356137","https://openalex.org/W2094792706","https://openalex.org/W2101058978","https://openalex.org/W2122090762","https://openalex.org/W2123618761","https://openalex.org/W2126613304","https://openalex.org/W2135007314","https://openalex.org/W2165889868","https://openalex.org/W2169000708"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2689884327","https://openalex.org/W2033598884","https://openalex.org/W2722621396","https://openalex.org/W2909273876","https://openalex.org/W3214589171","https://openalex.org/W1979722432","https://openalex.org/W4389232553","https://openalex.org/W1978777029","https://openalex.org/W4391306322","https://openalex.org/W2162100555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bio":[0],"mimicking":[1],"micro/miniature":[2],"robots":[3],"require":[4],"design":[5],"aesthetics,":[6],"simplicity,":[7],"low":[8],"power,":[9],"lower":[10],"computational":[11],"requirement,":[12],"resilient":[13],"operation":[14],"and":[15,33,89],"repeatability.":[16],"The":[17,30,138],"main":[18],"choice":[19,48],"of":[20,36,56,59,114,143],"actuators":[21,62],"in":[22,49,71,93],"such":[23,50],"systems":[24],"are":[25,77],"Shape":[26],"Memory":[27],"Alloys":[28],"(SMA).":[29],"larger":[31,78],"strain":[32],"reduced":[34],"size":[35],"the":[37,69,94,104,112],"SMA":[38,60,80,115,118],"sub":[39],"millimeter":[40],"diameter":[41],"helical":[42],"springs":[43],"make":[44],"them":[45],"a":[46,99,124,168],"potential":[47],"systems.":[51],"Sensorless":[52],"position/":[53],"displacement":[54,166],"control":[55,155],"these":[57],"type":[58],"spring":[61,119],"have":[63,148],"been":[64],"studied":[65],"extensively":[66],"due":[67],"to":[68],"difficulty":[70],"physically":[72],"attaching":[73],"feedback":[74],"sensors,":[75],"which":[76],"than":[79],"actuators.":[81],"For":[82],"position":[83,131,154],"estimation,":[84],"electrical":[85],"parameters":[86],"like":[87],"Inductance":[88],"Resistance":[90],"were":[91],"considered":[92],"past.":[95],"This":[96],"paper":[97],"presents":[98],"new":[100],"approach":[101],"based":[102,133,153,158],"on":[103,134],"pulse":[105],"response":[106],"i.e.":[107],"Rise":[108],"time":[109,136,152],"variation":[110],"along":[111],"actuation":[113],"spring.":[116],"Considering":[117],"as":[120],"an":[121],"RL":[122],"element,":[123],"characterization":[125],"technique":[126],"is":[127,141],"proposed":[128,139],"for":[129,164],"sensorless":[130],"estimation":[132],"rise":[135,151],"variation.":[137],"method":[140],"independent":[142],"ambient":[144],"temperature":[145],"variations.":[146],"Investigations":[147],"shown":[149],"that":[150],"through":[156],"PWM":[157],"current":[159],"drives":[160],"can":[161],"be":[162],"implemented":[163],"manipulating":[165],"without":[167],"sensor.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
