{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055585655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","title":"Delayed absolute difference (DAD) signatures of dynamic features for sign language segmentation","display_name":"Delayed absolute difference (DAD) signatures of dynamic features for sign language segmentation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055585655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","mag":"2055585655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 5th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103558721","display_name":"Shujjat Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shujjat Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030115213","display_name":"Donald G. Bailey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-3680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald Bailey","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048292309","display_name":"Gourab Sen Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-0335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gourab Sen Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70612191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"109","last_page":"114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.8681771755218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7427241802215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.6652395725250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.6043286919593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5899408459663391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.5787016153335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repetition","display_name":"Repetition (rhetorical device)","score":0.5381719470024109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturalness","display_name":"Naturalness","score":0.5270881056785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5224567651748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.47826898097991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.44471338391304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign-language","display_name":"Sign language","score":0.4445911645889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.43723511695861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation-based-object-categorization","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","score":0.43200886249542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.39705610275268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15732312202453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.06810581684112549}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.8681771755218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7427241802215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6652395725250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.6043286919593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5899408459663391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5787016153335571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776141515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1274479","display_name":"Repetition (rhetorical device)","level":2,"score":0.5381719470024109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134537474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17144832","display_name":"Naturalness","level":2,"score":0.5270881056785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5224567651748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.47826898097991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.44471338391304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522192633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34228","display_name":"Sign language","level":2,"score":0.4445911645889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.43723511695861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25694479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446278","display_name":"Segmentation-based object categorization","level":5,"score":0.43200886249542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.39705610275268555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15732312202453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06810581684112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icara.2011.6144866","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 5th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W276105310","https://openalex.org/W1995777579","https://openalex.org/W2061815952","https://openalex.org/W2102137514","https://openalex.org/W2121136046","https://openalex.org/W2123697922","https://openalex.org/W2125201599","https://openalex.org/W2125834953","https://openalex.org/W2129233554","https://openalex.org/W2150273380","https://openalex.org/W2153188585","https://openalex.org/W2166930990","https://openalex.org/W2309147534","https://openalex.org/W2742245972","https://openalex.org/W4254688594","https://openalex.org/W4255929811","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6610312258","https://openalex.org/W6648693954","https://openalex.org/W6675539774","https://openalex.org/W6742472093","https://openalex.org/W6987098366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3144569342","https://openalex.org/W2185902295","https://openalex.org/W2945274617","https://openalex.org/W2372421320","https://openalex.org/W2057775483","https://openalex.org/W2041871225","https://openalex.org/W2386644571","https://openalex.org/W4205800335","https://openalex.org/W2387793296","https://openalex.org/W1558398159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"sign":[1],"language":[2,31],"segmentation,":[3],"individual":[4],"gestures":[5],"are":[6],"extracted":[7],"out":[8],"of":[9,38,65,83],"a":[10,35,51],"continuous":[11],"stream":[12],"and":[13,43,81],"then":[14],"matched":[15],"with":[16],"models":[17],"for":[18],"recognition.":[19],"We":[20],"have":[21],"hypothesized":[22],"an":[23],"improvement":[24],"in":[25,63],"word":[26],"segmentation":[27,39,49,61],"without":[28],"affecting":[29],"the":[30,60,72,78],"naturalness":[32],"by":[33],"incorporating":[34],"novel":[36],"set":[37],"features":[40,62],"(pause,":[41],"repetition":[42],"directional":[44],"variations).":[45],"To":[46],"analyze":[47],"these":[48],"features,":[50],"unified":[52],"tool":[53],"(DAD":[54],"signature)":[55],"is":[56,69],"presented":[57],"that":[58,71],"encodes":[59],"form":[64],"distinct":[66],"patterns.":[67],"It":[68],"shown":[70],"DAD":[73],"signature":[74],"can":[75],"easily":[76],"detect":[77],"pauses,":[79],"repetitions":[80],"reversal":[82],"direction.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
