{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142775987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","title":"The Virtual Learning Machine: integrating Web and non-Web technologies","display_name":"The Virtual Learning Machine: integrating Web and non-Web technologies","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142775987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","mag":"2142775987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 3rd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004193229","display_name":"Russell S. Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004477910","display_name":"Elizabeth Kemp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8957-7672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Kemp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113498112","display_name":"R.H. Kemp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Kemp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024766675","display_name":"P.A. Blakey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51158804","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Blakey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massey Univ., Palmerston North (New Zealand)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004193229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51158804"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26962761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"328","last_page":"329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9409000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9409000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactivity","display_name":"Interactivity","score":0.8529711961746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8112407922744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.6773691773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.6570168137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.569109320640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5569853782653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-modeling","display_name":"Web modeling","score":0.5202349424362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-design","display_name":"Web design","score":0.5088041424751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.474685400724411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-navigation","display_name":"Web navigation","score":0.46280354261398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-standards","display_name":"Web standards","score":0.42505139112472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.42456740140914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.42013370990753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-application","display_name":"Web application","score":0.411191463470459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.8529711961746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8112407922744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.6773691773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.6570168137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.569109320640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5569853782653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130436687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978591","display_name":"Web modeling","level":3,"score":0.5202349424362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521306242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190637","display_name":"Web design","level":3,"score":0.5088041424751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.474685400724411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61096286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978592","display_name":"Web navigation","level":3,"score":0.46280354261398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182321512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153289","display_name":"Web standards","level":3,"score":0.42505139112472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.42456740140914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.42013370990753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.411191463470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icalt.2003.1215107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 3rd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579900689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498027272","https://openalex.org/W1583761149","https://openalex.org/W2108203100","https://openalex.org/W980488187","https://openalex.org/W2340876489","https://openalex.org/W2791261781","https://openalex.org/W2256690854","https://openalex.org/W2535301253","https://openalex.org/W2116470944","https://openalex.org/W68102627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Web-based":[0,19,84,110],"courseware":[1],"packages":[2],"have":[3],"rapidly":[4],"gained":[5],"popularity":[6],"in":[7,32,37],"universities":[8],"as":[9],"practical":[10],"tools":[11],"which":[12],"streamline":[13],"the":[14,51,61,75,78,94,105],"authoring":[15,52],"and":[16,53,63,81,85,97],"administration":[17],"of":[18,55,67,77,99,109],"learning.":[20],"However,":[21],"evidence":[22],"suggests":[23],"that":[24,59],"they":[25],"are":[26],"less":[27],"popular":[28],"among":[29],"students,":[30],"due":[31],"part":[33],"to":[34,74,92],"limits":[35],"inherent":[36],"their":[38],"Web":[39],"browser-based":[40],"interface.":[41],"The":[42],"virtual":[43],"learning":[44,65,102],"machine":[45],"is":[46,90],"a":[47,68],"prototype":[48],"tool":[49],"for":[50],"delivery":[54],"computer-based":[56,101],"distance":[57],"education":[58],"extends":[60],"multidimensional":[62],"collaborative":[64],"environment":[66],"university.":[69],"By":[70],"paying":[71],"careful":[72],"attention":[73],"design":[76],"student":[79],"interface":[80],"by":[82],"integrating":[83],"nonWeb":[86],"technologies":[87],"behind-the-scenes,":[88],"it":[89],"able":[91],"combine":[93],"greater":[95],"functionality":[96],"interactivity":[98],"standalone":[100],"systems":[103],"with":[104],"collaborative,":[106],"networking":[107],"strengths":[108],"systems.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
