{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297035157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038","title":"Determining Phishing Emails using URL Domain Features","display_name":"Determining Phishing Emails using URL Domain Features","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297035157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 1st International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024732548","display_name":"Alex Sumner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3736-5874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Sumner","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100949006","display_name":"Jinsheng Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinsheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078766422","display_name":"Xiaohong Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-9812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohong Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina A&T State University,Computer Science,Greensboro,NC,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5025,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62630021,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.9776816368103027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7446784377098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.54014652967453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-information-retrieval","display_name":"Private information retrieval","score":0.48425790667533875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-card","display_name":"Credit card","score":0.45664235949516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-engineering","display_name":"Social engineering (security)","score":0.4154844880104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3920519948005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3869301676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3558553457260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2722552418708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07463860511779785}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.9776816368103027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7446784377098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.54014652967453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99221444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1532069","display_name":"Private information retrieval","level":2,"score":0.48425790667533875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983355114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161380","display_name":"Credit card","level":3,"score":0.45664235949516296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70118762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376934","display_name":"Social engineering (security)","level":2,"score":0.4154844880104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3920519948005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3869301676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3558553457260132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2722552418708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07463860511779785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icaic53980.2022.9897038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 1st International Conference on AI in Cybersecurity (ICAIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150462035","https://openalex.org/W1497289281","https://openalex.org/W2011211026","https://openalex.org/W2018517573","https://openalex.org/W2021209989","https://openalex.org/W2029591949","https://openalex.org/W2053774863","https://openalex.org/W2058219110","https://openalex.org/W2068785289","https://openalex.org/W2082348123","https://openalex.org/W2156013041","https://openalex.org/W2193428859","https://openalex.org/W2335888457","https://openalex.org/W2461765723","https://openalex.org/W2894350870","https://openalex.org/W4240840618","https://openalex.org/W6682781523"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944809083","https://openalex.org/W3159552247","https://openalex.org/W4229025036","https://openalex.org/W2737752763","https://openalex.org/W2572193563","https://openalex.org/W4391182755","https://openalex.org/W2765340726","https://openalex.org/W4283826021","https://openalex.org/W2595760708","https://openalex.org/W3080514658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"engineering":[1],"is":[2,26,74,161],"the":[3,27,48,64,75,117,152,166,169,171,174],"process":[4],"of":[5,31,67,77,109,137,142,146,168,176],"getting":[6],"a":[7,11,15,40,140,159,177],"person":[8],"to":[9,46,58,84,98],"provide":[10,94],"service":[12],"or":[13,22,52,163],"complete":[14],"task":[16],"that":[17,107,151],"may":[18,122],"give":[19],"away":[20],"private":[21,53],"confidential":[23],"information.":[24,54],"Phishing":[25],"most":[28,153],"common":[29],"type":[30],"social":[32],"engineering.":[33],"In":[34],"phishing,":[35],"an":[36,44,135],"attacker":[37],"poses":[38],"as":[39,91,93],"trustworthy":[41],"source":[42],"in":[43,88,156],"attempt":[45],"have":[47],"victim":[49],"release":[50],"personal":[51],"This":[55,132],"research":[56,72],"aims":[57],"identify":[59,85,99],"phishing":[60,86,100,111,127,162],"emails":[61,87],"by":[62],"examining":[63],"domain":[65],"section":[66],"URLs.":[68],"What":[69],"makes":[70],"this":[71],"novel":[73],"extraction":[76],"concise":[78],"and":[79,144,173],"high":[80,89],"quality":[81],"features":[82,97,155],"used":[83],"accuracy":[90,136],"well":[92],"users":[95],"with":[96,139],"emails.":[101],"Through":[102],"our":[103,110],"experiments,":[104],"we":[105],"discovered":[106,150],"all":[108],"detection":[112,128],"models":[113],"performed":[114],"similarly;":[115],"however,":[116],"multinomial":[118],"na\u00efve":[119],"bayes":[120],"model":[121,133],"be":[123],"best":[124],"suited":[125],"for":[126],"via":[129],"URL":[130,160],"domain.":[131],"produced":[134],"97.22%":[138],"precision":[141],"0.974":[143],"recall":[145],"0.9776.":[147],"We":[148],"also":[149],"significant":[154],"determining":[157],"whether":[158],"legitimate":[164],"were":[165],"age":[167],"domain,":[170],"length,":[172],"presence":[175],"dash":[178],"\"-\".":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}