{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6959637844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842","title":"LSB Matching Steganography: Elevating Security Beyond Conventional Boundaries","display_name":"LSB Matching Steganography: Elevating Security Beyond Conventional Boundaries","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6959637844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 6th International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Khan Farhan Rafat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899713450","display_name":"Air University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yfe9v83","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khan Farhan Rafat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air University,Department of Cyber Security,Islamabad,Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air University,Department of Cyber Security,Islamabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Syed Muhammad Sajjad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899713450","display_name":"Air University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yfe9v83","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Muhammad Sajjad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Air University,Department of Cyber Security,Islamabad,Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Air University,Department of Cyber Security,Islamabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899713450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54704166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.6754000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.6754000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.054499998688697815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":0.014000000432133675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.6827999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.620199978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.4169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.6827999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.620199978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6183000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.3544999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10511746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899388","display_name":"Data security","level":3,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27399998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3073032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15912075","display_name":"Information hiding","level":3,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780092901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433612","display_name":"Correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776517306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29017317","display_name":"Similarity measure","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs64902.2025.10937842","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 6th International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.45638537406921387,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1748609398","https://openalex.org/W1985113289","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2131602743","https://openalex.org/W2153615901","https://openalex.org/W2158320630","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2798567623","https://openalex.org/W2886012284","https://openalex.org/W2977817969","https://openalex.org/W3011226031","https://openalex.org/W3023444518","https://openalex.org/W3035350038","https://openalex.org/W3127072918","https://openalex.org/W3129118101","https://openalex.org/W3201993681","https://openalex.org/W3207551199","https://openalex.org/W4243950489","https://openalex.org/W4376645401","https://openalex.org/W4383423838","https://openalex.org/W4390145439","https://openalex.org/W4390839258","https://openalex.org/W4392151044","https://openalex.org/W4392817251","https://openalex.org/W4392847095","https://openalex.org/W4394888157"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,48],"paper":[1],"explores":[2],"advancements":[3],"in":[4,144],"the":[5,30,40,73,85,94,97,109],"Least-Significant-Bit":[6],"(LSB)":[7],"matching":[8,87],"technique,":[9,88],"a":[10,44,65,80,124,133],"method":[11],"used":[12],"to":[13,102],"discreetly":[14],"embed":[15],"data":[16,70],"within":[17],"static":[18],"images.":[19],"Our":[20],"proposed":[21],"framework":[22],"introduces":[23],"an":[24,116],"advanced":[25],"decision-making":[26],"mechanism":[27],"that":[28],"governs":[29],"selection":[31],"of":[32,96,111,122,130,137],"non-overlapping":[33],"$1":[34],"\\times":[35],"2$":[36],"pixel":[37],"blocks":[38],"from":[39,57],"cover":[41],"image":[42],"through":[43],"steganographic":[45,113],"key-dependent":[46],"function.":[47],"dynamic":[49],"approach,":[50],"integrated":[51],"with":[52],"pre-embedding":[53],"encryption,":[54],"significantly":[55],"departs":[56],"conventional":[58],"predictability.":[59],"The":[60],"logic":[61],"we":[62],"present":[63],"offers":[64],"robust":[66],"solution":[67],"for":[68,107],"imperceptible":[69],"transmission,":[71],"redefining":[72],"balance":[74],"between":[75],"detectability":[76],"and":[77,92,132,147],"imperceptibility.":[78],"As":[79],"result,":[81],"our":[82,139],"methodology":[83],"strengthens":[84],"LSB":[86],"improving":[89],"its":[90],"resilience":[91],"extending":[93],"boundaries":[95],"Kerckhoff":[98],"principle.":[99],"We":[100],"aim":[101],"establish":[103],"universally":[104],"accepted":[105],"benchmarks":[106],"assessing":[108],"security":[110],"digital":[112],"systems.":[114],"With":[115],"exceptional":[117],"Peak":[118],"Signal-to-Noise":[119],"Ratio":[120],"(PSNR)":[121],"51.24,":[123],"Structural":[125],"Similarity":[126],"Index":[127],"Measure":[128],"(SSIM)":[129],"0.9965,":[131],"Pearson":[134],"Correlation":[135],"coefficient":[136],"0.99984,":[138],"approach":[140],"outperforms":[141],"existing":[142],"methods":[143],"both":[145],"accuracy":[146],"fidelity.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}