{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362605307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774","title":"Deep Convolutional Neural Network-based Framework for Apple Leaves Disease Detection","display_name":"Deep Convolutional Neural Network-based Framework for Apple Leaves Disease Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362605307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 4th International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068642961","display_name":"Saba Firdous","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saba Firdous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003828287","display_name":"Shahzad Akbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-3851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahzad Akbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027988193","display_name":"Syed Ale Hassan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ale Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037240319","display_name":"Aima Khalid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aima Khalid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033634358","display_name":"Sahar Gull","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1471-5990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Gull","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riphah International University,Department of Computing,Faisalabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068642961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7107,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92196292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10825","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7023310661315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6076497435569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48773083090782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rust","display_name":"Rust (programming language)","score":0.46753665804862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4491625726222992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-disease","display_name":"Plant disease","score":0.4411585032939911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41296011209487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.3409024775028229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biotechnology","display_name":"Biotechnology","score":0.15167850255966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1259005069732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12365302443504333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7023310661315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6076497435569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48773083090782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197781089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575650","display_name":"Rust (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.46753665804862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4491625726222992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019235130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188956","display_name":"Plant disease","level":2,"score":0.4411585032939911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41296011209487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3409024775028229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.15167850255966187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1259005069732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12365302443504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icacs55311.2023.10089774","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 4th International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2607056758","https://openalex.org/W2776705292","https://openalex.org/W2890533634","https://openalex.org/W2934164816","https://openalex.org/W2944599236","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W3023189595","https://openalex.org/W3027994476","https://openalex.org/W3120188592","https://openalex.org/W3120560437","https://openalex.org/W3135860628","https://openalex.org/W3135999592","https://openalex.org/W3175578024","https://openalex.org/W3209833194","https://openalex.org/W6736691335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W4290997076","https://openalex.org/W4200627878","https://openalex.org/W3182063123","https://openalex.org/W4390485360"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Apples":[0,30],"are":[1,11,23,78,153,172],"a":[2,42],"popular":[3,80],"fruit":[4],"all":[5,79],"around":[6,26],"the":[7,27,61,65,138,142,147,158,163,175,192,198],"world,":[8],"nevertheless,":[9],"they":[10],"mostly":[12],"farmed":[13],"in":[14,33,107,162,191],"Asia.":[15],"Moreover,":[16,165],"approximately":[17],"76":[18],"million":[19],"tons":[20],"of":[21,44,64,116,137,160,189],"apples":[22],"produced":[24],"annually":[25],"world.":[28],"Furthermore,":[29,149],"may":[31],"aid":[32],"preventing":[34],"cancer,":[35],"metabolic":[36],"syndrome,":[37],"cardiovascular":[38],"disease,":[39],"diabetes,":[40],"and":[41,51,76,81,114,128,145,170,179,183,203],"variety":[43,115],"other":[45,52],"diseases.":[46,134],"However,":[47,100],"various":[48],"environmental":[49],"conditions":[50],"factors":[53],"affect":[54],"Apple":[55],"leaf":[56],"plant":[57,70,176,193],"growth.":[58],"In":[59],"addition,":[60],"primary":[62],"cause":[63],"production":[66],"crisis":[67],"is":[68,102],"apple":[69,84,96,132],"disease.":[71],"ATLDs":[72],"such":[73],"as":[74],"RUST":[75],"SCAB":[77],"significantly":[82],"impact":[83],"leave":[85,97,133],"yield.":[86],"Therefore,":[87],"numerous":[88],"researches":[89],"have":[90],"been":[91],"carried":[92],"out":[93],"to":[94,130,156],"detect":[95],"diseases":[98],"automatically.":[99],"there":[101],"still":[103],"room":[104],"for":[105,209],"improvement":[106],"efficiency,":[108],"computation":[109],"complexity,":[110],"time":[111],"consumption,":[112],"cost,":[113],"techniques.":[117],"This":[118],"research":[119],"employs":[120],"deep":[121],"convolutional":[122],"neural":[123],"network":[124],"models":[125,166],"VGG-19,":[126,168],"ResNet-34,":[127],"Dense-121-Net":[129],"identify":[131],"Besides,":[135],"pre-processing":[136],"dataset":[139,178,195],"images":[140,161],"enhanced":[141],"image":[143],"quality":[144],"remove":[146],"noise.":[148],"Data":[150],"augmentation":[151],"methods":[152],"also":[154],"utilized":[155],"expand":[157],"number":[159],"dataset.":[164],"employing":[167],"Resnet-34,":[169],"Dense-121Net":[171],"analyzed":[173],"through":[174],"village":[177,194],"attained":[180],"98.02%,":[181],"97.06%,":[182],"99.75%":[184],"accuracy":[185],"respectively.":[186],"An":[187],"evaluation":[188],"networks":[190],"shows":[196],"that":[197],"developed":[199],"algorithm":[200],"performs":[201],"better":[202],"has":[204],"an":[205],"advanced":[206],"methodology":[207],"suitable":[208],"real-time":[210],"agricultural":[211],"disease":[212],"detection":[213],"applications.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}