{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1698530247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","title":"Policy-based Management of an E-commerce Business Simulation: An Experimental Study","display_name":"Policy-based Management of an E-commerce Business Simulation: An Experimental Study","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1698530247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","mag":"1698530247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012111319","display_name":"Eser Kandogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3509-5502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. Kandogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","IBM-Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM-Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036268839","display_name":"Christopher S. Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-344X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.S. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062038469","display_name":"Peter Khooshabeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Khooshabeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Psychology Dept, University of California,\uc2a0Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","[Psychology Dept, University of California,\uc2a0Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Psychology Dept, University of California,\uc2a0Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Psychology Dept, University of California,\uc2a0Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114038814","display_name":"J. Bailey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Bailey","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036292300","display_name":"Paul P. Maglio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-5635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210085935","display_name":"IBM Research - Almaden","ror":"https://ror.org/005w8dd04","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210085935","https://openalex.org/I4210114115"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.P. Maglio","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012111319"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210085935"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3674,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90842798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":null,"first_page":"33","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervisor","display_name":"Supervisor","score":0.6886304020881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.677796483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5488348007202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4926052689552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4589146375656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.44937634468078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interaction-information","display_name":"Interaction information","score":0.4108315408229828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.38800665736198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.323428750038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23700463771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1541987955570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.12377768754959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12237975001335144}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779110517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1240788","display_name":"Supervisor","level":2,"score":0.6886304020881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.677796483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5488348007202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4926052689552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4589146375656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.44937634468078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38764148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17098245","display_name":"Interaction information","level":2,"score":0.4108315408229828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.38800665736198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.323428750038147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23700463771820068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1541987955570221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.12377768754959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12237975001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icac.2006.1662379","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000177","https://openalex.org/W47895304","https://openalex.org/W1967042038","https://openalex.org/W1967487948","https://openalex.org/W1970659332","https://openalex.org/W1987343023","https://openalex.org/W1989390683","https://openalex.org/W1990911977","https://openalex.org/W2020785866","https://openalex.org/W2024378172","https://openalex.org/W2050426605","https://openalex.org/W2054699624","https://openalex.org/W2067207462","https://openalex.org/W2069757512","https://openalex.org/W2078278639","https://openalex.org/W2124853884","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2148969200","https://openalex.org/W2159397557","https://openalex.org/W2164884375","https://openalex.org/W3169265430","https://openalex.org/W4299513681","https://openalex.org/W6796582241","https://openalex.org/W6816770724","https://openalex.org/W7058093761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387731985","https://openalex.org/W2755149878","https://openalex.org/W2941808082","https://openalex.org/W2468425257","https://openalex.org/W4377009725","https://openalex.org/W4379086698","https://openalex.org/W2528721242","https://openalex.org/W4320164562","https://openalex.org/W2356364326","https://openalex.org/W2372069567"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomic":[0],"Computing":[1],"lays":[2],"out":[3],"a":[4,18,32,82],"vision":[5],"of":[6,25,111,113,120,130],"information":[7],"technology":[8],"in":[9],"which":[10],"systems":[11],"manage":[12,81],"themselves":[13],"based":[14],"on":[15,108,117],"policies.":[16],"As":[17],"result,":[19],"policies":[20,115],"are":[21],"the":[22,109,114,118,121,164],"new":[23,33],"currency":[24],"interaction":[26,36,43,76,79,105,146,156],"between":[27],"people":[28],"and":[29,51,53,73,96,116,137],"computers,":[30],"creating":[31],"paradigm":[34],"for":[35,177,186],"with":[37,144,154],"autonomic":[38],"systems.":[39],"In":[40,64,86,168],"this":[41,65,87],"paradigm,":[42],"shifts":[44],"(1)":[45],"from":[46,55],"low-level":[47],"to":[48,59,62,77,80,93],"high-level":[49],"monitoring":[50],"control":[52],"(2)":[54],"manually":[56],"performing":[57],"actions":[58],"delegating":[60],"tasks":[61],"automation.":[63],"paper,":[66],"we":[67,89],"report":[68],"an":[69,127],"experimental":[70],"study":[71],"comparing":[72],"contrasting":[74],"manual":[75,151,155],"policy-based":[78,104,131,145,161],"simulated":[83],"e-commerce":[84],"website.":[85],"study,":[88],"investigated":[90],"issues":[91],"related":[92],"human":[94],"expertise":[95,148],"policy":[97,172],"representation.":[98],"Our":[99,124],"results":[100,125],"suggest":[101],"that":[102],"effective":[103],"depends":[106],"both":[107],"level":[110],"detail":[112],"experience":[119],"system":[122],"supervisor.":[123],"show":[126],"overall":[128],"benefit":[129],"interaction,":[132,162],"as":[133],"measured":[134],"by":[135],"business":[136],"technology-oriented":[138,178],"metrics.":[139,188],"Performance":[140,153],"was":[141,157],"significantly":[142],"better":[143],"following":[147],"gained":[149],"through":[150],"interaction.":[152],"marginally":[158,174],"worse":[159],"after":[160],"suggesting":[163],"classic":[165],"out-of-the-loop":[166],"problem.":[167],"addition,":[169],"highly":[170],"detailed":[171],"representations":[173],"improved":[175],"performance":[176],"metrics":[179],"but":[180],"did":[181],"not":[182],"yield":[183],"significant":[184],"differences":[185],"business-oriented":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}