{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360585198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628","title":"E-mail Spam Detection Using Machine Learning \u2013 KNN","display_name":"E-mail Spam Detection Using Machine Learning \u2013 KNN","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360585198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 5th International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010965912","display_name":"Ajay Reddy Yeruva","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ajay Reddy Yeruva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher 1326 Hopyard Road Apt #62,Pleasanton,CA,USA,94566"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher 1326 Hopyard Road Apt #62,Pleasanton,CA,USA,94566","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052971215","display_name":"Deepika Kamboj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094618","display_name":"CT Group Of Institutions","ror":"https://ror.org/00m02ap37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094618"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepika Kamboj","raw_affiliation_strings":["KIET Group of Institutions,Department of Information Technology,Nuradnagar,Ghaziasbad,UP","Department of Information Technology, KIET Group of Institutions, Nuradnagar, Ghaziasbad, UP"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KIET Group of Institutions,Department of Information Technology,Nuradnagar,Ghaziasbad,UP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094618"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, KIET Group of Institutions, Nuradnagar, Ghaziasbad, UP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053689519","display_name":"Poorna Shankar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800874633","display_name":"Jnana Deepa, Institute of Philosophy and Theology","ror":"https://ror.org/045z90539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800874633"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Poorna Shankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indira College of Engineering and Management,MCA Department,Pune,Maharashtra,India","MCA Department, Indira College of Engineering and Management, Pune, Maharashtra, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indira College of Engineering and Management,MCA Department,Pune,Maharashtra,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800874633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MCA Department, Indira College of Engineering and Management, Pune, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025358387","display_name":"Upendra Singh Aswal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Upendra Singh Aswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graphic Era Deemed to be University,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graphic Era Deemed to be University,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Dehradun,Uttarakhand,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044169862","display_name":"A Kakoli Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Kakoli Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lloyd Institute of Engineering and Technology,Department of CSE,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India","Department of CSE, Lloyd Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lloyd Institute of Engineering and Technology,Department of CSE,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of CSE, Lloyd Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023925628","display_name":"C S Somu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C S Somu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Chennai,Tamilnadu,India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Chennai,Tamilnadu,India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010965912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9328,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86779942,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1024","last_page":"1028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8167812824249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forum-spam","display_name":"Forum spam","score":0.7422325611114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spambot","display_name":"Spambot","score":0.6686525344848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.6469578742980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.5930432081222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.548731803894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4844260513782501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-mail","display_name":"Electronic mail","score":0.4614478647708893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.455557644367218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.44109266996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spamming","display_name":"Spamming","score":0.38860034942626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.36658042669296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.249083012342453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8167812824249268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157310412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140915","display_name":"Forum spam","level":5,"score":0.7422325611114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127735637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306702","display_name":"Spambot","level":4,"score":0.6686525344848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.6469578742980957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5930432081222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.548731803894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4844260513782501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020028006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9158","display_name":"Electronic mail","level":2,"score":0.4614478647708893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.455557644367218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.44109266996383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158955206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83058","display_name":"Spamming","level":3,"score":0.38860034942626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.36658042669296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.249083012342453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3i56241.2022.10072628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 5th International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487713954","https://openalex.org/W1986427413","https://openalex.org/W2003452007","https://openalex.org/W2005214332","https://openalex.org/W2235189955","https://openalex.org/W2394542850","https://openalex.org/W2419486802","https://openalex.org/W2949836779","https://openalex.org/W3016105120","https://openalex.org/W3185449690","https://openalex.org/W3186407059","https://openalex.org/W3212630001","https://openalex.org/W3213651352","https://openalex.org/W6893581190"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163764145","https://openalex.org/W3091003909","https://openalex.org/W3214332509","https://openalex.org/W4281733787","https://openalex.org/W4207052104","https://openalex.org/W4223546417","https://openalex.org/W3212371402","https://openalex.org/W2804362959","https://openalex.org/W2170045045","https://openalex.org/W1968314519"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Email":[0],"is":[1,18,67,78,154],"a":[2,15,32],"primary":[3],"mode":[4],"of":[5,11,75,115,125,142],"communication":[6],"for":[7],"software":[8,35],"developers":[9],"due":[10],"its":[12],"convenience.":[13],"Employing":[14],"spam":[16,33,56,65,126,151],"filter":[17,66],"required":[19],"in":[20,99],"order":[21,110],"to":[22,80,88,95,111,131,156],"maintain":[23],"efficient":[24,69],"communication.":[25],"This":[26,37,60],"examination":[27],"will":[28,119],"primarily":[29],"concentrate":[30],"on":[31,48],"prevention":[34],"programme.":[36],"article":[38],"discusses":[39],"how":[40,133],"the":[41,102,113,123],"Machine":[42],"Learning":[43],"model":[44],"that":[45,62,70,91],"Google":[46],"updated":[47],"Collab":[49],"can":[50,92],"recognize":[51],"and":[52,57,129],"prevent":[53],"almost":[54],"all":[55],"phishing":[58],"emails.":[59],"indicates":[61],"their":[63,138],"email":[64,146],"so":[68],"only":[71],"one":[72,76],"message":[73],"out":[74],"thousand":[77],"allowed":[79],"pass":[81],"through.":[82],"There":[83],"are":[84],"various":[85],"different":[86],"approaches":[87],"machine":[89],"learning":[90],"be":[93,148],"used":[94],"identify":[96],"spam;":[97],"but,":[98],"recent":[100],"years,":[101],"\u201cKNN\u201d":[103],"method":[104],"has":[105],"become":[106],"increasingly":[107],"prominent.":[108],"In":[109],"accomplish":[112],"goals":[114],"this":[116],"post,":[117],"we":[118],"do":[120],"research":[121],"into":[122],"operation":[124],"classification":[127],"algorithms":[128],"attempt":[130],"determine":[132],"these":[134],"systems":[135],"arrive":[136],"at":[137],"findings.":[139],"The":[140],"challenge":[141],"deciding":[143],"whether":[144],"an":[145],"should":[147],"classified":[149],"as":[150,157],"or":[152],"not":[153],"referred":[155],"\u201cspam":[158],"detection.\u201d":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}