{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206451402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348","title":"Distributed Control of Aggregated Smart Buildings for Frequency Regulation","display_name":"Distributed Control of Aggregated Smart Buildings for Frequency Regulation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206451402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605335","display_name":"2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037884733","display_name":"Liran Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8764-2377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liran Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062788339","display_name":"Zheng An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-1620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng An","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057437426","display_name":"Qianxue Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1753-8830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianxue Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069766806","display_name":"Rajendra Prasad Kandula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7401-7284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajendra Prasad Kandula","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045396089","display_name":"Maryam Saeedifard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-7339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Saeedifard","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011651188","display_name":"Deepak Divan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Divan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074866066","display_name":"Santiago Grijalva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8601-4662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santiago Grijalva","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025532495","display_name":"Chaouki T. Abdallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-097X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaouki T. Abdallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4353,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51582229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.642669677734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.6246451139450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5992385149002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5957199335098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5427695512771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.5244265198707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-control","display_name":"Power control","score":0.4908595681190491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4534497559070587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4151093363761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3609572649002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.33972516655921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.30390405654907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.23359587788581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.18552547693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16668426990509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1095907986164093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.642669677734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.6246451139450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5992385149002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5957199335098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5427695512771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.5244265198707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.4908595681190491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4534497559070587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4151093363761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3609572649002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.33972516655921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30390405654907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.23359587788581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.18552547693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16668426990509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1095907986164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias48185.2021.9677348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605335","display_name":"2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309321","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1965195954","https://openalex.org/W2100431085","https://openalex.org/W2107835500","https://openalex.org/W2108105062","https://openalex.org/W2121069325","https://openalex.org/W2180338159","https://openalex.org/W2548414206","https://openalex.org/W2589933305","https://openalex.org/W2682836610","https://openalex.org/W2765113731","https://openalex.org/W2807466282","https://openalex.org/W2888186446","https://openalex.org/W2902295453","https://openalex.org/W2942664787","https://openalex.org/W2953679142","https://openalex.org/W2965770576","https://openalex.org/W2969763208","https://openalex.org/W2972879618","https://openalex.org/W2994112501","https://openalex.org/W3000088072","https://openalex.org/W3003594503","https://openalex.org/W3012215888","https://openalex.org/W3016763103","https://openalex.org/W3023506947","https://openalex.org/W3040430401","https://openalex.org/W3088188088","https://openalex.org/W3095003350","https://openalex.org/W3106782506","https://openalex.org/W3147228415","https://openalex.org/W3174760458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589973774","https://openalex.org/W2353074559","https://openalex.org/W2171108821","https://openalex.org/W2023642087","https://openalex.org/W2074513827","https://openalex.org/W2402141875","https://openalex.org/W2768554084","https://openalex.org/W3125701662","https://openalex.org/W1498762745","https://openalex.org/W148990555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increased":[0],"penetration":[1],"level":[2],"of":[3,20,49,77,132,163],"renewable":[4],"energy":[5],"and":[6,51,84,126,174],"its":[7],"intermittency":[8],"make":[9],"the":[10,21,35,57,75,78,116,120,127,133,161,164,170,176,184],"power":[11,151],"grid":[12],"more":[13,180],"prone":[14],"to":[15,41,56,98,114,129,159],"frequency":[16,29,81,177],"fluctuation.":[17],"Demand":[18],"response":[19],"aggregated":[22,36,185],"smart":[23],"buildings":[24,37],"can":[25],"provide":[26],"ancillary":[27],"secondary":[28],"regulation.":[30],"Distributed":[31],"control":[32,66,71,89,95,112,135,166,172],"methods":[33],"for":[34,68],"are":[38,136],"attractive":[39],"due":[40],"plug-and-play":[42,124],"scalability,":[43],"high":[44],"reliability,":[45],"no":[46],"single":[47],"point":[48],"failure,":[50],"lower":[52],"communication":[53],"requirements,":[54],"compared":[55],"conventional":[58],"centralized":[59],"control.":[60],"This":[61,106],"paper":[62,107],"identifies":[63],"three":[64,117,171],"major":[65],"objectives":[67,96,118,173],"this":[69],"distributed":[70,104,111],"problem":[72,90],"including":[73],"balancing":[74],"state-of-energy":[76],"buildings,":[79],"tracking":[80],"regulation":[82],"signal,":[83],"eliminating":[85],"circulating":[86],"power.":[87],"The":[88,123],"is":[91,153],"challenging":[92],"as":[93],"these":[94],"need":[97],"be":[99],"achieved":[100],"simultaneously":[101],"in":[102],"a":[103,109,149],"fashion.":[105],"proposes":[108],"new":[110],"method":[113],"achieve":[115],"at":[119],"same":[121],"time.":[122],"scalability":[125],"robustness":[128],"communication-link":[130],"failure":[131],"proposed":[134,165],"verified":[137],"through":[138],"simulations.":[139],"Moreover,":[140],"using":[141],"data":[142],"from":[143],"California":[144],"Independent":[145],"System":[146],"Operator":[147],"(CAISO),":[148],"three-area":[150],"system":[152],"simulated":[154],"with":[155,183],"heterogeneous":[156],"building":[157],"parameters":[158],"demonstrate":[160],"effectiveness":[162],"method,":[167],"which":[168],"achieves":[169],"reduces":[175],"deviation":[178],"by":[179],"than":[181],"30%":[182],"buildings.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
