{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990416891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","title":"Robust Nonlinear Observer for State Estimation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems","display_name":"Robust Nonlinear Observer for State Estimation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990416891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","mag":"2990416891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325782","display_name":"Fei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8854-830X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011614904","display_name":"Rui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6217-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001804648","display_name":"Dongdong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-0200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongdong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046182664","display_name":"Yigeng Huangfu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0961-1214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yigeng Huangfu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guosheng Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guosheng Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Northwest Polytechnical University, 127 Youyixi Road, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47267965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10030","display_name":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11690","display_name":"Advanced battery technologies research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","score":0.8172646760940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7571946978569031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6431565880775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-matrix-inequality","display_name":"Linear matrix inequality","score":0.6093965768814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.5356656312942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-stability","display_name":"Lyapunov stability","score":0.5001983642578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.49808526039123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-variable","display_name":"State variable","score":0.4742554724216461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-observer","display_name":"State observer","score":0.42517656087875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.4120097756385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35878080129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31012505292892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.24135440587997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1946793794631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"Fuel cells","score":0.14924511313438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10402101278305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.08186915516853333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.8172646760940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7571946978569031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6431565880775452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201829737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2022760","display_name":"Linear matrix inequality","level":2,"score":0.6093965768814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5356656312942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776829284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341651","display_name":"Lyapunov stability","level":3,"score":0.5001983642578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.49808526039123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129537906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7603913","display_name":"State variable","level":2,"score":0.4742554724216461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3031470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818544","display_name":"State observer","level":3,"score":0.42517656087875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.4120097756385803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35878080129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31012505292892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.24135440587997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1946793794631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.14924511313438416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10402101278305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.08186915516853333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ias.2019.8912384","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639379573","https://openalex.org/W1519469008","https://openalex.org/W1966413984","https://openalex.org/W1979230903","https://openalex.org/W1995447901","https://openalex.org/W2019277616","https://openalex.org/W2022872090","https://openalex.org/W2051635647","https://openalex.org/W2060932451","https://openalex.org/W2071506293","https://openalex.org/W2076437946","https://openalex.org/W2081399981","https://openalex.org/W2087590225","https://openalex.org/W2102779861","https://openalex.org/W2131153956","https://openalex.org/W2148577855","https://openalex.org/W2156294076","https://openalex.org/W2171646608","https://openalex.org/W2204993982","https://openalex.org/W2481735848","https://openalex.org/W2589639086","https://openalex.org/W2748704268","https://openalex.org/W2768577787","https://openalex.org/W2790612088","https://openalex.org/W2897585551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2733860328","https://openalex.org/W1982395938","https://openalex.org/W2373184931","https://openalex.org/W2922326310","https://openalex.org/W2138039470","https://openalex.org/W2130755296","https://openalex.org/W2392018957","https://openalex.org/W2322405588","https://openalex.org/W2379247396","https://openalex.org/W2388695008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,141],"proton":[1],"exchange":[2],"membrane":[3],"fuel":[4,57,108],"cell":[5,58,109],"(PEMFC)":[6],"system":[7,49,110,155],"has":[8],"strong":[9],"nonlinearity":[10],"and":[11,22,69,123,154],"coupled":[12],"characteristics.":[13],"In":[14],"order":[15],"to":[16,81,105],"better":[17],"improve":[18],"the":[19,33,56,64,73,84,88,98,107,119,126,146,151],"control":[20,156],"efficiency":[21],"dynamic":[23],"performance":[24],"of":[25,48,86],"PEMFC":[26,45],"system,":[27,46],"a":[28,92,112,135],"robust":[29,127],"nonlinear":[30],"observer":[31,128,148],"for":[32],"oxygen":[34,67],"excess":[35],"ratio":[36],"(OER)":[37],"estimation":[38],"is":[39,103],"proposed":[40,76],"in":[41,63,72],"this":[42],"paper.":[43],"For":[44],"lots":[47],"parameters":[50],"can't":[51],"be":[52,79,132,158],"measured":[53],"directly":[54],"during":[55],"operating,":[59],"including":[60],"air":[61],"mass":[62,68,71],"supply":[65],"manifold,":[66],"nitrogen":[70],"cathode.":[74],"method":[77],"can":[78,131,149,157],"applied":[80],"effectively":[82],"solve":[83],"problem":[85,130],"estimating":[87],"state":[89],"variables":[90],"with":[91],"high":[93],"accuracy.":[94],"Through":[95],"matrix":[96,137],"transformations,":[97],"differential":[99],"mean":[100],"value":[101],"theorem":[102],"used":[104],"transform":[106],"into":[111],"linear":[113,136],"variable":[114],"parameter":[115],"system.":[116],"Based":[117],"on":[118],"Lyapunov":[120],"stability":[121],"theory":[122],"convexity":[124],"principle,":[125],"design":[129],"regarded":[133],"as":[134],"inequality(LMI)":[138],"feasibility":[139],"problem.":[140],"simulation":[142],"results":[143],"indicate":[144],"that":[145],"designed":[147],"guarantee":[150],"convergence":[152],"properties,":[153],"strengthened.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}