{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402402278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111","title":"Finding Better Segmentation Granularity for Tibetan-Chinese Bidirectional Neural Machine Translation","display_name":"Finding Better Segmentation Granularity for Tibetan-Chinese Bidirectional Neural Machine Translation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402402278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101863080","display_name":"Xiaoqiang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-6747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqiang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Normal University,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Lanzhou,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Normal University,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Lanzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060794156","display_name":"Weizhao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-4921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weizhao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwest Normal University,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Lanzhou,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwest Normal University,College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Lanzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101863080"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66592265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"303","last_page":"308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granularity","display_name":"Granularity","score":0.8369495272636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.8103272318840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.767188310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6435651183128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6171767115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5471332669258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5061320662498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3632393777370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36034131050109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07600551843643188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.8369495272636414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.8103272318840027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.767188310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6435651183128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6171767115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5471332669258118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5061320662498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3632393777370453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36034131050109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07600551843643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp63756.2024.10661111","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035301451","https://openalex.org/W2111666304","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2978329087","https://openalex.org/W3001434439","https://openalex.org/W3139121486","https://openalex.org/W3159106038","https://openalex.org/W4297798762","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6685695151","https://openalex.org/W6763701032"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2931688134","https://openalex.org/W2775554247","https://openalex.org/W2883671469","https://openalex.org/W2728761353","https://openalex.org/W2110168585","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2250213760","https://openalex.org/W4386247111","https://openalex.org/W4327642362","https://openalex.org/W2587014613"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"translation":[1,93,114,128],"refers":[2],"to":[3,64,138,141],"the":[4,50,110,126],"conversion":[5],"of":[6,52,81,136],"a":[7,11,15,75,86,131],"source":[8],"language":[9,13,25],"into":[10],"target":[12],"by":[14],"computer":[16],"and":[17,35,38,102,122],"is":[18,57],"an":[19],"important":[20],"research":[21,41],"direction":[22],"in":[23,60,70,109],"natural":[24],"processing.":[26],"Given":[27],"that":[28,43,108],"different":[29,44],"segmentation":[30,46,96,118,143],"granularities":[31,47,119],"contain":[32],"distinct":[33],"syntactic":[34],"semantic":[36],"features":[37],"information,":[39],"existing":[40],"shows":[42],"text":[45],"can":[48],"affect":[49],"effectiveness":[51],"machine":[53,92,113],"translation.":[54],"This":[55],"issue":[56],"more":[58],"pronounced":[59],"Tibetan-related":[61],"translations":[62],"due":[63],"its":[65],"unique":[66],"linguistic":[67],"characteristics.":[68],"Therefore,":[69],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74],"newly":[76],"built":[77],"Tibetan-Chinese":[78,90,111],"parallel":[79],"corpus":[80],"100,000":[82],"pairs,":[83],"we":[84],"propose":[85],"training":[87],"method":[88],"for":[89,120],"bidirectional":[91,112],"using":[94,116],"various":[95],"granularities,":[97],"such":[98],"as":[99],"characters,":[100],"syllables":[101],"words.":[103],"The":[104],"experimental":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"task,":[115],"syllable":[117],"Tibetan":[121],"Chinese":[123],"texts":[124],"yields":[125],"best":[127],"performance,":[129],"achieving":[130],"Bilingual":[132],"Evaluation":[133],"Understudy(BLEU)":[134],"score":[135],"up":[137],"29.08%,":[139],"compared":[140],"other":[142],"strategies.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
