{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226055428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266","title":"Predicting User Code-Switching Level from Sociological and Psychological Profiles","display_name":"Predicting User Code-Switching Level from Sociological and Psychological Profiles","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226055428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004299578","display_name":"Injy Hamed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9171-9461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Injy Hamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078238140","display_name":"Alia El Bolock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-1692"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["DE","EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alia El Bolock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","Informatics and Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Informatics and Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020394644","display_name":"N. K. Rizk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Rizk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036372639","display_name":"Cornelia Herbert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-5586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cornelia Herbert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080036358","display_name":"Slim Abdennadher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1817-1855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96823368","display_name":"German University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/03rjt0z37","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slim Abdennadher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","Informatics and Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, The German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Informatics and Computer Science, German International University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96823368"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020700841","display_name":"Ngoc Thang Vu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7893-9147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ngoc Thang Vu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Natural Language Processing, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87871408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"395","last_page":"400"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.783586859703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.721789538860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6115994453430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-switching","display_name":"Code-switching","score":0.6014083623886108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5951198935508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-five-personality-traits","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","score":0.5689409375190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5537459254264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality","display_name":"Personality","score":0.531557023525238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.5083364844322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4697055518627167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4247218668460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3835177421569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3542258143424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3489770293235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.2865617573261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.28485530614852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.15747109055519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.11888003349304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11421599984169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11407044529914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10568085312843323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.783586859703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.721789538860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6115994453430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.6014083623886108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5951198935508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.5689409375190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5537459254264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.531557023525238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5083364844322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4697055518627167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4247218668460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3835177421569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3542258143424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3489770293235779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2865617573261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28485530614852905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.15747109055519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.11888003349304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11421599984169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11407044529914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10568085312843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ialp54817.2021.9675266","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607459291","https://openalex.org/W1873956715","https://openalex.org/W1876715006","https://openalex.org/W1963928861","https://openalex.org/W1974511644","https://openalex.org/W1988016455","https://openalex.org/W2013489815","https://openalex.org/W2022915208","https://openalex.org/W2025426931","https://openalex.org/W2042962409","https://openalex.org/W2054582521","https://openalex.org/W2058867254","https://openalex.org/W2061272101","https://openalex.org/W2082747348","https://openalex.org/W2084543186","https://openalex.org/W2107510724","https://openalex.org/W2139063162","https://openalex.org/W2147000545","https://openalex.org/W2162148974","https://openalex.org/W2462558730","https://openalex.org/W2484245856","https://openalex.org/W2530571334","https://openalex.org/W2594686035","https://openalex.org/W2595538409","https://openalex.org/W2775867899","https://openalex.org/W2787957862","https://openalex.org/W2805530518","https://openalex.org/W2811159785","https://openalex.org/W2889418961","https://openalex.org/W2903429053","https://openalex.org/W2969143370","https://openalex.org/W2997392842","https://openalex.org/W2998261285","https://openalex.org/W3007376164","https://openalex.org/W3029585093","https://openalex.org/W3038657360","https://openalex.org/W3120788892","https://openalex.org/W3198108422","https://openalex.org/W4246276795","https://openalex.org/W4252292090","https://openalex.org/W4285780592","https://openalex.org/W4288408927","https://openalex.org/W6636503339","https://openalex.org/W6680326393","https://openalex.org/W6718626336","https://openalex.org/W6728315209","https://openalex.org/W6751568037","https://openalex.org/W6760937267","https://openalex.org/W6778315691","https://openalex.org/W6788090263","https://openalex.org/W6800731647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2966814021","https://openalex.org/W2364974744","https://openalex.org/W2914024934","https://openalex.org/W1935228165","https://openalex.org/W2799685956","https://openalex.org/W2740286348","https://openalex.org/W3173090584","https://openalex.org/W4287151863","https://openalex.org/W2970328021","https://openalex.org/W2913362766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multilingual":[0],"speakers":[1],"tend":[2],"to":[3,13,87,101],"alternate":[4],"between":[5,75],"languages":[6],"within":[7],"a":[8,10,19,31],"conversation,":[9],"phenomenon":[11,21],"referred":[12],"as":[14],"\u201ccode-switching\u201d":[15],"(CS).":[16],"CS":[17,77,104],"is":[18],"complex":[20],"that":[22],"not":[23],"only":[24],"encompasses":[25],"linguistic":[26],"challenges,":[27],"but":[28],"also":[29],"contains":[30],"great":[32],"deal":[33],"of":[34,38],"complexity":[35],"in":[36,122],"terms":[37],"its":[39],"dynamic":[40,45],"behaviour":[41,46],"across":[42],"speakers.":[43],"This":[44],"has":[47],"been":[48],"studied":[49],"by":[50],"sociologists":[51],"and":[52,79,92,115],"psychologists,":[53],"identifying":[54],"factors":[55],"affecting":[56],"CS.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"paper,":[60],"we":[61,71],"provide":[62],"an":[63,107],"empirical":[64],"user":[65],"study":[66],"on":[67],"Arabic-English":[68],"CS,":[69],"where":[70,112],"show":[72],"the":[73,89,119,123],"correlation":[74],"users'":[76,103],"frequency":[78,105],"character":[80],"traits.":[81],"We":[82],"use":[83],"machine":[84],"learning":[85],"(ML)":[86],"validate":[88],"findings,":[90],"informing":[91],"confirming":[93],"existing":[94],"theories.":[95],"The":[96],"predictive":[97],"models":[98],"were":[99],"able":[100],"predict":[102],"with":[106],"accuracy":[108],"higher":[109],"than":[110],"55%,":[111],"travel":[113],"experiences":[114],"personality":[116],"traits":[117],"played":[118],"biggest":[120],"role":[121],"modeling":[124],"process.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
