{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3175391186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","title":"Long Range (LoRa) Transmission Through Ice: Preliminary Results","display_name":"Long Range (LoRa) Transmission Through Ice: Preliminary Results","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3175391186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","mag":"3175391186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026502201","display_name":"Irene Cappelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8660-7708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irene Cappelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030996176","display_name":"Gabriele Di Renzone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7791-1679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Di Renzone","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011072460","display_name":"Ada Fort","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0916-1516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ada Fort","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076956231","display_name":"Marco Mugnaini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-1581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Mugnaini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009986948","display_name":"Alessandro Pozzebon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-8858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Pozzebon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006110526","display_name":"Valerio Vignoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-6566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerio Vignoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena,Department of Information Engineering and Mathematics,Siena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026502201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05895561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6338001489639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5838886499404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5802649259567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.5215578079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.47207000851631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.42643308639526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.378641277551651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32414138317108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2740260660648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2558266520500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13135233521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09790092706680298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6338001489639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5838886499404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5802649259567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.5215578079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.47207000851631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.42643308639526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.378641277551651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32414138317108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2740260660648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2558266520500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13135233521461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09790092706680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1109675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/1109675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usiena-air.unisi.it:11365/1173278","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9459858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196319","display_name":"Use Siena air (University of Siena)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","host_organization_name":"University of Siena","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3406115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3406115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581227651","https://openalex.org/W1513308879","https://openalex.org/W1530384264","https://openalex.org/W1611664528","https://openalex.org/W1625335258","https://openalex.org/W1995097038","https://openalex.org/W2016247189","https://openalex.org/W2018821352","https://openalex.org/W2027849594","https://openalex.org/W2031042178","https://openalex.org/W2035802863","https://openalex.org/W2085083938","https://openalex.org/W2132167802","https://openalex.org/W2134044413","https://openalex.org/W2345643905","https://openalex.org/W2478690774","https://openalex.org/W2499400668","https://openalex.org/W2520480241","https://openalex.org/W2756179212","https://openalex.org/W2781583119","https://openalex.org/W2790761032","https://openalex.org/W2807505879","https://openalex.org/W2886343345","https://openalex.org/W2889383876","https://openalex.org/W2895878097","https://openalex.org/W2903243522","https://openalex.org/W2963238594","https://openalex.org/W2963899262","https://openalex.org/W3010774728","https://openalex.org/W3039697166","https://openalex.org/W3041639111","https://openalex.org/W3101761755","https://openalex.org/W3111751881","https://openalex.org/W3212766942","https://openalex.org/W6787007876","https://openalex.org/W6803554788","https://openalex.org/W7014827886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2429057255","https://openalex.org/W2187546663","https://openalex.org/W148745890","https://openalex.org/W4389670110","https://openalex.org/W2611942503","https://openalex.org/W4315621326","https://openalex.org/W2899790217","https://openalex.org/W2598865957","https://openalex.org/W1576092969","https://openalex.org/W2502435347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long":[0],"Range":[1],"(LoRa)":[2],"has":[3,52,91],"rapidly":[4],"become":[5],"one":[6],"of":[7,16,24,29,43,59,71,85,102,136,154,169,175,179],"the":[8,14,27,69,82,100,152,155,162,167],"most":[9],"widespread":[10],"transmission":[11,49,77,87],"technologies":[12],"for":[13,20,75],"development":[15],"distributed":[17],"monitoring":[18],"systems":[19],"a":[21,56,103,122,132,146],"wide":[22,57],"range":[23,58],"applications":[25],"within":[26],"Internet":[28],"Things":[30],"(IoT)":[31],"framework.":[32],"Indeed,":[33],"thanks":[34],"to":[35],"its":[36],"robustness":[37],"and":[38,47],"high":[39],"performances":[40],"in":[41,55,78,89,114,141,157,173],"terms":[42],"low":[44,104],"power":[45],"consumption":[46],"long":[48],"range,":[50],"it":[51],"been":[53,92],"employed":[54],"critical":[60],"application":[61],"scenarios.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64,66,95,170],"context,":[65],"paper":[67,96],"analyses":[68],"usability":[70,168],"LoRa":[72],"as":[73],"solution":[74],"data":[76],"icy":[79],"environments.":[80],"While":[81],"technical":[83],"feasibility":[84],"radio":[86],"channel":[88],"ice":[90],"widely":[93],"demonstrated,":[94],"aims":[97],"at":[98,145],"demonstrating":[99],"effectiveness":[101],"cost":[105],"transmitter":[106,156],"developed":[107],"using":[108],"off-the-shelf":[109],"components,":[110],"when":[111],"completely":[112],"immersed":[113],"ice.":[115,180],"Fields":[116],"tests":[117,150],"were":[118],"performed":[119],"by":[120],"embedding":[121],"Low":[123],"Power":[124],"Wide":[125],"Area":[126],"Network":[127],"(LoRaWAN)":[128],"compliant":[129],"node":[130],"inside":[131],"10":[133],"cm":[134],"block":[135],"dry":[137],"ice,":[138],"positioned":[139],"then":[140],"an":[142],"environmental":[143],"chamber,":[144],"-10\u00b0C":[147],"temperature.":[148],"Preliminary":[149],"demonstrate":[151],"operation":[153],"these":[158],"operating":[159],"conditions,":[160],"while":[161],"achieved":[163],"link":[164],"margin":[165],"suggests":[166],"technology":[171],"even":[172],"case":[174],"notably":[176],"thicker":[177],"layers":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-07-05T00:00:00"}