{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173214801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","title":"Multiple Weighted Frequency-difference Method for Electrical Impedance Tomography","display_name":"Multiple Weighted Frequency-difference Method for Electrical Impedance Tomography","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173214801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","mag":"3173214801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033719995","display_name":"Qingwei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-1211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingwei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080265100","display_name":"Yanbin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-4754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanbin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636823","display_name":"Ziqi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-5710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064754334","display_name":"Changbin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-4289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changbin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025279788","display_name":"Feng Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-8928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University,Tianjin,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Process Measurement and Control, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033719995"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59764784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance-tomography","display_name":"Electrical impedance tomography","score":0.9158368110656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.538689136505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.510662853717804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-problem","display_name":"Inverse problem","score":0.5085006952285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.48107290267944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-difference-method","display_name":"Finite difference method","score":0.46763184666633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.45669159293174744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-frequency","display_name":"Low frequency","score":0.41387248039245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.39331358671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3311651647090912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.32597362995147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32325640320777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31288790702819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27584218978881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.22543641924858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09751597046852112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155175808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326472","display_name":"Electrical impedance tomography","level":3,"score":0.9158368110656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.538689136505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.510662853717804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.5085006952285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.48107290267944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205951836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147751","display_name":"Finite difference method","level":2,"score":0.46763184666633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45669159293174744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104892082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156810","display_name":"Low frequency","level":2,"score":0.41387248039245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.39331358671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3311651647090912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.32597362995147705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32325640320777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31288790702819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27584218978881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22543641924858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09751597046852112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc50364.2021.9459818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8947888672","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61671322","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529548832","https://openalex.org/W1890725772","https://openalex.org/W1979120317","https://openalex.org/W1979724394","https://openalex.org/W2001888766","https://openalex.org/W2018239194","https://openalex.org/W2022996617","https://openalex.org/W2030762933","https://openalex.org/W2038287769","https://openalex.org/W2053510218","https://openalex.org/W2055899967","https://openalex.org/W2060677018","https://openalex.org/W2080647857","https://openalex.org/W2088817507","https://openalex.org/W2102391406","https://openalex.org/W2106050534","https://openalex.org/W2121677764","https://openalex.org/W2148818670","https://openalex.org/W2301078608","https://openalex.org/W2897807752","https://openalex.org/W3038711735","https://openalex.org/W3099638085","https://openalex.org/W4254603833","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7556771","https://openalex.org/W10126045","https://openalex.org/W8752453","https://openalex.org/W3463815","https://openalex.org/W10515478","https://openalex.org/W12596823","https://openalex.org/W4585904","https://openalex.org/W6822507","https://openalex.org/W5651546","https://openalex.org/W11852169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electrical":[0],"Impedance":[1],"Tomography":[2],"(EIT)":[3],"is":[4,39,114,138],"a":[5,86],"kind":[6],"of":[7,21,32,46,52,97,102,106,175],"imaging":[8],"technique":[9],"by":[10],"reconstructing":[11],"conductivity":[12,57,75,108],"distribution":[13],"from":[14],"boundary":[15,111],"measurements.":[16],"Since":[17],"the":[18,22,33,36,43,50,59,62,66,82,95,100,103,110,119,132,140,147,152,159,168,173,176,185,193,196],"time-referenced":[19],"data":[20],"measured":[23,60,169],"field":[24],"are":[25],"not":[26,139],"always":[27],"available,":[28],"which":[29,171],"limits":[30],"applications":[31],"time-difference":[34],"method,":[35,85],"frequency-difference":[37,68,84,89,177,188,200],"method":[38,69,90,153,189,201],"adopted":[40],"to":[41,135,157,163],"solve":[42],"inverse":[44],"problem":[45],"EIT.":[47],"However,":[48],"in":[49,58,116,129,167,206],"case":[51],"multiple":[53,87,186,198],"backgrounds":[54,74,107,166],"with":[55,78],"different":[56,165,208],"field,":[61,170],"reconstructed":[63],"image":[64,164],"using":[65],"conventional":[67],"will":[70],"produce":[71],"artifacts":[72],"when":[73],"distributions":[76],"change":[77],"frequency.":[79],"Based":[80],"on":[81,109],"weighted":[83,88,187,199],"was":[91],"proposed.":[92],"By":[93],"increasing":[94],"number":[96],"excitation":[98],"frequencies,":[99],"influence":[101],"frequency":[104],"dependence":[105],"voltage":[112],"vector":[113],"removed":[115],"turn":[117],"and":[118,161,180,195],"inclusion":[120,160],"can":[121,190],"be":[122,136],"detected":[123,137],"more":[124],"accurately.":[125],"But":[126],"considering":[127],"that":[128,184],"some":[130],"cases,":[131],"anomaly":[133],"desired":[134],"inclusion,":[141,194],"but":[142],"an":[143],"interested":[144],"background":[145],"surrounding":[146],"inclusion.":[148],"In":[149],"this":[150],"paper,":[151],"has":[154],"been":[155],"implemented":[156],"detect":[158,192],"extended":[162,197],"expands":[172],"application":[174],"method.":[178],"Simulation":[179],"experiment":[181],"results":[182,205],"show":[183],"effectively":[191],"also":[202],"showed":[203],"good":[204],"detecting":[207],"backgrounds.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
