{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039877211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","title":"Nonlinear System Identification for an Electromagnetic Groundwater Flowmeter","display_name":"Nonlinear System Identification for an Electromagnetic Groundwater Flowmeter","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039877211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","mag":"3039877211"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083716726","display_name":"Ben Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-4985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ben Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048027374","display_name":"Michael Hayes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6712-9509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113950835","display_name":"Bill Heffernan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bill Heffernan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Power Engineering Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Power Engineering Centre, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083716726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2995,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5002678,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6670896410942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.6608699560165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-interference","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","score":0.6376832723617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6165179014205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.547256350517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5433580875396729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-of-measurement","display_name":"System of measurement","score":0.4877382218837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.48617953062057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.47058597207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4481462836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-measurement","display_name":"Flow measurement","score":0.4463108777999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-identification","display_name":"System identification","score":0.4312208890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4206249415874481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.41140806674957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3616986870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32482701539993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23424121737480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.232072114944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.20233744382858276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.1900268793106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1338842809200287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10946342349052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09871086478233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09518817067146301}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6670896410942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.6608699560165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184892835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474513","display_name":"Electromagnetic interference","level":2,"score":0.6376832723617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6165179014205933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.547256350517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5433580875396729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37649242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932268","display_name":"System of measurement","level":2,"score":0.4877382218837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48617953062057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.47058597207069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4481462836265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16302685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15091623","display_name":"Flow measurement","level":2,"score":0.4463108777999878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119247159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366192","display_name":"System identification","level":3,"score":0.4312208890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4206249415874481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.41140806674957275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3616986870765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32482701539993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23424121737480164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.232072114944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.20233744382858276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.1900268793106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1338842809200287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10946342349052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09871086478233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09518817067146301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9129522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570566252","https://openalex.org/W1974078038","https://openalex.org/W2095536520","https://openalex.org/W2127239848","https://openalex.org/W2157030345","https://openalex.org/W2805391461","https://openalex.org/W2972728559","https://openalex.org/W2973121455","https://openalex.org/W4254218124","https://openalex.org/W6986463232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108494335","https://openalex.org/W2013460191","https://openalex.org/W76001227","https://openalex.org/W4308096053","https://openalex.org/W2002982595","https://openalex.org/W2099070236","https://openalex.org/W2358457653","https://openalex.org/W4230660276","https://openalex.org/W1921091955","https://openalex.org/W2150288630"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26],"signals":[1],"measured":[2],"by":[3,8],"electromagnetic":[4],"flowmeters":[5],"are":[6],"corrupted":[7],"1/f":[9],"noise":[10],"from":[11,16],"the":[12,24,56,64,74,77,86,101,126],"electrodes":[13],"and":[14,19,44,121],"interference":[15,30,59],"changing":[17],"electric":[18],"magnetic":[20],"fields":[21],"when":[22,55],"driving":[23],"electromagnet.":[25],"effect":[27],"of":[28,58,76,100,125],"this":[29,49,81,116],"can":[31,89],"be":[32,90],"mitigated":[33,91],"using":[34,37,92],"system":[35,94,110],"identification":[36,95],"a":[38,45,98,108],"generalized":[39],"linear":[40,53],"least":[41],"squares":[42],"approach":[43,50,117],"suitable":[46],"model.":[47,111],"However,":[48],"fails":[51],"for":[52],"models":[54],"level":[57],"is":[60,69],"strong":[61],"compared":[62],"to":[63,71,106],"desired":[65],"flow":[66,127],"signal.":[67,128],"This":[68],"due":[70],"non-linearities":[72],"in":[73],"behaviour":[75,88],"measurement":[78],"electrodes.":[79],"In":[80],"paper":[82],"we":[83],"show":[84,114],"that":[85,115],"non-linear":[87,93,109],"procedures.":[96],"Specifically,":[97],"variant":[99],"NARMAX":[102],"algorithm":[103],"was":[104],"employed":[105],"determine":[107],"Experimental":[112],"results":[113],"produces":[118],"an":[119],"improved":[120],"more":[122],"consistent":[123],"estimation":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}