{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039233074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","title":"A vibrational energy harvester based on Soft-Nonlinearity for truly random excitation","display_name":"A vibrational energy harvester based on Soft-Nonlinearity for truly random excitation","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039233074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","mag":"3039233074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018584908","display_name":"Carlo Trigona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-5580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Trigona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088531084","display_name":"Jaakko Palosaari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6615-2902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaakko Palosaari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007537839","display_name":"Yang Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0861-2410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018584908"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07071011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cantilever","display_name":"Cantilever","score":0.755402684211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.7420162558555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.6226959228515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise-linear-function","display_name":"Piecewise linear function","score":0.5288751125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring","display_name":"Spring (device)","score":0.5218347907066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.5187295079231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5186618566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5176763534545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise","display_name":"Piecewise","score":0.5149407982826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5099035501480103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5033139586448669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.48242291808128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/excitation","display_name":"Excitation","score":0.428815633058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.41325584053993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4044153392314911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3980768918991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.24977931380271912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2460741102695465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2393401563167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.1995849609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.16565793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16121947765350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10531166195869446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141354745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17227","display_name":"Cantilever","level":2,"score":0.755402684211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.7420162558555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.6226959228515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17095337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375229","display_name":"Piecewise linear function","level":2,"score":0.5288751125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.5218347907066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.5187295079231262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5186618566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5176763534545898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.5149407982826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5099035501480103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5033139586448669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48242291808128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83581075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361503","display_name":"Excitation","level":2,"score":0.428815633058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.41325584053993225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4044153392314911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3980768918991089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.24977931380271912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2460741102695465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2393401563167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.1995849609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16565793752670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16121947765350342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10531166195869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc43012.2020.9128595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2020100277675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2020100277675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400284","display_name":"University of Oulu Repository (University of Oulu)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","host_organization_name":"University of Oulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964586325","https://openalex.org/W1995763138","https://openalex.org/W2008247465","https://openalex.org/W2019722923","https://openalex.org/W2022420019","https://openalex.org/W2023005139","https://openalex.org/W2066723231","https://openalex.org/W2105302944","https://openalex.org/W2141024756","https://openalex.org/W2152325096","https://openalex.org/W2171937646","https://openalex.org/W2177653135","https://openalex.org/W2735855311","https://openalex.org/W2757327125","https://openalex.org/W2783747116","https://openalex.org/W2806215647","https://openalex.org/W2811439782","https://openalex.org/W2913491214","https://openalex.org/W2955125203"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040894711","https://openalex.org/W2133947431","https://openalex.org/W2490196280","https://openalex.org/W3182827720","https://openalex.org/W1596838019","https://openalex.org/W3208509670","https://openalex.org/W2109304297","https://openalex.org/W2100864966","https://openalex.org/W2083709218","https://openalex.org/W4323366562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,109],"this":[1,96],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4,135],"a":[5,13,24,34,43,60,73,87,136],"nonlinear":[6,77],"energy":[7,104,122],"harvester":[8,30,105],"that":[9],"is":[10,17,31,42,54,118,160],"based":[11,114],"on":[12,115],"\"soft-mode\"":[14],"nonlinearity":[15,53,97,144],"and":[16,168,194],"able":[18,119,161],"to":[19,120,162,180],"work":[20,163],"in":[21,65],"presence":[22,66],"of":[23,67,82,89,102,139,151,157,171,205],"truly":[25],"random":[26,107],"excitations.":[27],"The":[28,52,189],"proposed":[29,207],"configured":[32],"with":[33,47],"cantilever":[35],"beam":[36],"structure,":[37,64],"and,":[38],"at":[39,164],"the":[40,57,80,83,100,103,111,130,142,182,203,206],"tip":[41],"cylindrical":[44],"container":[45],"filled":[46],"freely":[48],"moving":[49],"iron":[50],"balls.":[51],"implemented":[55,143],"through":[56],"container,":[58],"as":[59,72,86],"piecewise":[61],"function.":[62],"This":[63],"noise,":[68],"can":[69],"be":[70,94],"assumed":[71],"second":[74],"order":[75],"(mass-spring-damper)":[76],"system":[78,190],"where":[79],"length":[81],"spring":[84],"changes":[85],"function":[88],"external":[90],"vibration.":[91],"As":[92],"will":[93,98,134],"demonstrated,":[95],"improve":[99],"performance":[101],"under":[106],"excitation.":[108],"comparison,":[110],"conventional":[112],"approach":[113],"resonant":[116],"oscillators":[117],"collect":[121],"only":[123],"around":[124],"its":[125],"mechanical":[126,154,183],"natural":[127],"frequency,":[128],"while":[129],"solution":[131],"pursued":[132],"here":[133,145],"wide":[137],"spectrum":[138],"response.":[140],"Furthermore,":[141],"does":[146],"not":[147],"possess":[148],"any":[149],"barrier":[150],"potential":[152],"or":[153],"threshold.":[155],"Because":[156],"this,":[158],"it":[159],"weak":[165],"signal":[166],"levels":[167],"without":[169],"mixture":[170],"periodic":[172],"signals.":[173],"A":[174],"piezoelectric":[175],"element":[176],"has":[177,191],"been":[178,192,199],"used":[179],"convert":[181],"vibrations":[184],"into":[185],"an":[186],"electrical":[187],"signal.":[188],"modeled":[193],"simulated.":[195],"Experimental":[196],"validations":[197],"have":[198],"carried":[200],"out,":[201],"demonstrating":[202],"suitability":[204],"solution.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}