{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973112622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","title":"Towards end-to-end pulsed eddy current classification and regression with CNN","display_name":"Towards end-to-end pulsed eddy current classification and regression with CNN","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973112622","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","mag":"2973112622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034638866","display_name":"Xin Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6212-6499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I822440","display_name":"Okanagan University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxmh518","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I822440"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I822440","https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101789992","display_name":"Chengkai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-3505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I822440","display_name":"Okanagan University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxmh518","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I822440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengkai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I822440","https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100692222","display_name":"Xiang Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-2411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I822440","display_name":"Okanagan University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxmh518","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I822440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I822440","https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103018432","display_name":"Lihua Jian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5479-7711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I822440","display_name":"Okanagan University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxmh518","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I822440"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lihua Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I822440","https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423697","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-3483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I822440","display_name":"Okanagan University College","ror":"https://ror.org/02mxmh518","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I822440"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Applied Science, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I822440","https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034638866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490","https://openalex.org/I822440"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74867216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-current","display_name":"Eddy current","score":0.7177877426147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7143134474754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6581813097000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.5494397282600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5303099155426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.509971022605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eddy-current-testing","display_name":"Eddy-current testing","score":0.4976532757282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48375678062438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.4364203214645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.41265544295310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2108459770679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0911703109741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.06982550024986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.06604552268981934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131357438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208598","display_name":"Eddy current","level":2,"score":0.7177877426147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7143134474754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6581813097000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.5494397282600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5303099155426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.509971022605896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6441794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420867","display_name":"Eddy-current testing","level":3,"score":0.4976532757282257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48375678062438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.4364203214645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.41265544295310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2108459770679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0911703109741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.06982550024986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.06604552268981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2019.8826858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502922572","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1538131130","https://openalex.org/W1584587172","https://openalex.org/W1799366690","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2022349555","https://openalex.org/W2047028564","https://openalex.org/W2062110473","https://openalex.org/W2063562380","https://openalex.org/W2079190918","https://openalex.org/W2084038813","https://openalex.org/W2112868428","https://openalex.org/W2122450421","https://openalex.org/W2125283600","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2255770487","https://openalex.org/W2259438584","https://openalex.org/W2270330859","https://openalex.org/W2291445757","https://openalex.org/W2322016199","https://openalex.org/W2550143307","https://openalex.org/W2594265094","https://openalex.org/W2616799910","https://openalex.org/W2624871570","https://openalex.org/W2792764867","https://openalex.org/W2901925621","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W4255455317","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6632100814","https://openalex.org/W6638444622","https://openalex.org/W6739365718","https://openalex.org/W6749825310","https://openalex.org/W6756483647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2744634501","https://openalex.org/W2085805524","https://openalex.org/W2003522138","https://openalex.org/W4296871629","https://openalex.org/W2551942315","https://openalex.org/W2333795440","https://openalex.org/W2325202533","https://openalex.org/W2029993380","https://openalex.org/W2357774020","https://openalex.org/W2314461829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pulsed":[0],"eddy":[1],"current":[2],"(PEC)":[3],"is":[4,94],"an":[5,52],"effective":[6,53,63],"electromagnetic":[7],"non-destructive":[8],"inspection":[9],"(NDI)":[10],"technique":[11],"for":[12],"metal":[13],"materials,":[14],"which":[15],"has":[16],"already":[17],"been":[18],"widely":[19],"adopted":[20],"in":[21,26,34],"detecting":[22],"cracking":[23],"and":[24,43,84,100,112],"corrosion":[25],"some":[27],"multi-layer":[28],"structures.":[29],"Automatically":[30],"inspecting":[31],"the":[32,82],"defects":[33],"these":[35],"structures":[36],"would":[37],"be":[38],"conducive":[39],"to":[40,61,79,116],"further":[41],"analysis":[42],"treatment":[44],"of":[45,86,96],"them.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"we":[50,69],"propose":[51],"end-to-end":[54],"model":[55,93,108],"using":[56],"convolutional":[57],"neural":[58],"networks":[59],"(CNN)":[60],"learn":[62],"features":[64],"from":[65],"PEC":[66,104],"data.":[67,105],"Specifically,":[68],"construct":[70],"a":[71],"multi-task":[72],"generic":[73],"model,":[74],"based":[75],"on":[76,103],"1D":[77],"CNN,":[78],"predict":[80],"both":[81,98],"class":[83],"depth":[85],"flaws":[87],"simultaneously.":[88],"Extensive":[89],"experiments":[90],"demonstrate":[91],"our":[92],"capable":[95],"handling":[97],"classification":[99],"regression":[101],"tasks":[102],"Our":[106],"proposed":[107],"obtains":[109],"higher":[110],"accuracy":[111],"lower":[113],"error":[114],"compared":[115],"other":[117],"standard":[118],"methods.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
