{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2429633288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","title":"Robust hardware true random number generators using DRAM remanence effects","display_name":"Robust hardware true random number generators using DRAM remanence effects","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2429633288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","mag":"2429633288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090068474","display_name":"Fatemeh Tehranipoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8410-4306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatemeh Tehranipoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050604451","display_name":"Wei Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8059-6398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082629462","display_name":"John A. Chandy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-3205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John A. Chandy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96624868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"79","last_page":"84"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.8854917287826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.8666210174560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.7979027032852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.712847888469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5906957387924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.515714704990387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.48982498049736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.453911155462265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness-tests","display_name":"Randomness tests","score":0.42427244782447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21912837028503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12590640783309937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.8854917287826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.8666210174560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.7979027032852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.712847888469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5906957387924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.515714704990387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.48982498049736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.453911155462265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18017163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13560113","display_name":"Randomness tests","level":3,"score":0.42427244782447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21912837028503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12590640783309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hst.2016.7495561","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316830","display_name":"Comcast","ror":"https://ror.org/00sgxyw28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85269535","https://openalex.org/W1503328450","https://openalex.org/W1517403092","https://openalex.org/W1535715971","https://openalex.org/W1600005739","https://openalex.org/W2008867149","https://openalex.org/W2051451212","https://openalex.org/W2056526236","https://openalex.org/W2074361018","https://openalex.org/W2133422510","https://openalex.org/W2154347069","https://openalex.org/W2162798455","https://openalex.org/W2167867025","https://openalex.org/W2170334586","https://openalex.org/W2175377689","https://openalex.org/W2323564456","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W6603472747","https://openalex.org/W6679605970","https://openalex.org/W6825343983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378574941","https://openalex.org/W236957874","https://openalex.org/W2786245220","https://openalex.org/W2360514482","https://openalex.org/W2109259595","https://openalex.org/W2344061241","https://openalex.org/W2032644301","https://openalex.org/W2316835829","https://openalex.org/W2005418990","https://openalex.org/W3134921237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"True":[1],"Random":[2],"Number":[3],"Generator":[4],"(TRNG)":[5],"is":[6,25,62,82,128],"an":[7],"important":[8],"security":[9],"primitive":[10],"used":[11],"in":[12,40,68],"a":[13,41,49,63,69,129],"variety":[14],"of":[15,34,78,99,116],"applications":[16],"including":[17],"cryptographic":[18,133],"algorithms,":[19],"communication":[20],"systems,":[21],"simulations,":[22],"etc.":[23],"It":[24],"critical":[26],"to":[27,30],"be":[28],"able":[29],"produce":[31],"outputs":[32],"consisting":[33],"fully":[35],"unpredictable":[36],"and":[37,95,114],"unbiased":[38],"bits":[39],"cost-effective":[42],"manner.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"paper,":[46],"we":[47,124],"present":[48],"robust":[50],"hardware":[51,80,102],"TRNG":[52,81,103],"based":[53],"on":[54],"the":[55,97,106,112],"Dynamic":[56],"RAM":[57],"(DRAM)":[58],"remanence":[59],"effect,":[60],"which":[61,110],"condition":[64],"whereby":[65],"information":[66],"remains":[67],"DRAM":[70],"even":[71],"after":[72],"powering":[73],"it":[74,84],"down.":[75],"The":[76],"advantage":[77],"our":[79,100,117],"that":[83,126],"forms":[85],"from":[86],"existing":[87],"components":[88],"with":[89],"no":[90],"extra":[91],"circuitry.":[92],"We":[93],"assessed":[94],"tested":[96],"randomness":[98],"proposed":[101],"by":[104],"applying":[105],"NIST":[107,122],"Statistical":[108],"Test":[109],"indicates":[111],"unpredictability":[113],"nonrepeatability":[115],"data.":[118],"Given":[119],"its":[120],"strong":[121],"results,":[123],"believe":[125],"there":[127],"potential":[130],"for":[131],"immediate":[132],"applications.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
