{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410297567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190","title":"Proximity Zones Based on Perceived Danger in Human-Robot Interaction","display_name":"Proximity Zones Based on Perceived Danger in Human-Robot Interaction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410297567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 20th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079664809","display_name":"Suhwan Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8252-9375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suhwan Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yonsei University,Department of Industrial Engineering,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei University,Department of Industrial Engineering,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019569239","display_name":"Hyo Chang Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-6620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132857","display_name":"Ghent University Global Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/041bygf77","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200","https://openalex.org/I4210132857"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyochang Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Stanford Center at the Incheon Global Campus,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Stanford Center at the Incheon Global Campus,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047944450","display_name":"Hyunmin Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-7744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132857","display_name":"Ghent University Global Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/041bygf77","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200","https://openalex.org/I4210132857"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunmin Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University,Stanford Center at the Incheon Global Campus,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University,Stanford Center at the Incheon Global Campus,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085539930","display_name":"Meen Jong Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095514","display_name":"Korea Automotive Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00sc3t321","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095514"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meen Jong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Automotive Technology Institute,Automatic Driving Technology Research Division,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Automotive Technology Institute,Automatic Driving Technology Research Division,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095514"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011363021","display_name":"Heung\u2010Ryoul Noh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-1951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095514","display_name":"Korea Automotive Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00sc3t321","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095514"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heena Noh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Automotive Technology Institute,Automatic Driving Technology Research Division,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Automotive Technology Institute,Automatic Driving Technology Research Division,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095514"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048664584","display_name":"Yong Gu Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-2164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Gu Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yonsei University,Department of Industrial Engineering,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yonsei University,Department of Industrial Engineering,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8442,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70890298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1378","last_page":"1382"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.833299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.833299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.8201000094413757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.6702042818069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5993704199790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.562744677066803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.51731276512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-interaction","display_name":"Human interaction","score":0.4733700156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34439459443092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32714688777923584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.6702042818069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5993704199790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.562744677066803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.51731276512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987082051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Human interaction","level":2,"score":0.4733700156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34439459443092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32714688777923584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10974190","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 20th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5983669038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20024368","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334879","funder_display_name":"Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334879","display_name":"Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03z9cwa38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2978665606","https://openalex.org/W4287179229","https://openalex.org/W3205513966","https://openalex.org/W3120459843","https://openalex.org/W4366547574","https://openalex.org/W3200191727","https://openalex.org/W189465620","https://openalex.org/W4366818884","https://openalex.org/W2248308732","https://openalex.org/W3042490037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,37],"study":[1,75],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,40,74,138,141],"challenge":[4],"of":[5,42,107],"ensuring":[6],"pedestrian":[7,49,52],"safety":[8,175],"in":[9,35,65,146,159,179],"shared":[10,160],"spaces":[11],"during":[12,61],"human-robot":[13,62,180],"interactions.":[14,63,181],"As":[15],"mobile":[16,157],"robots":[17,34,158],"become":[18],"increasingly":[19],"integrated":[20],"into":[21],"public":[22,177],"environments,":[23],"there":[24],"is":[25],"a":[26,55,66,71],"need":[27],"to":[28,123,173],"better":[29],"understand":[30],"how":[31],"pedestrians":[32,118],"perceive":[33,119],"proximity.":[36],"research":[38,163],"explores":[39],"effects":[41],"robot":[43,46,171],"lateral":[44,94],"distance,":[45],"velocity,":[47],"and":[48,82,110,135,152,167,170,176],"state":[50],"on":[51,58,137],"perception,":[53],"with":[54,70,126],"particular":[56],"focus":[57],"proximity":[59,84],"zones":[60,85,131],"Conducted":[64],"virtual":[67],"reality":[68],"environment":[69],"within-subject":[72],"design,":[73],"measured":[76],"perceived":[77],"danger":[78],"through":[79],"button":[80,98],"presses":[81],"visualized":[83],"using":[86],"contour":[87],"density":[88],"plots.":[89],"Findings":[90],"reveal":[91],"that":[92],"increasing":[93],"distance":[95],"significantly":[96],"decreases":[97],"press":[99],"likelihood,":[100],"particularly":[101],"beyond":[102],"160":[103],"cm.":[104],"Robot":[105],"velocities":[106],"1":[108],"mls":[109,112],"1.5":[111],"showed":[113],"no":[114],"significant":[115],"difference,":[116],"suggesting":[117],"them":[120],"similarly":[121],"due":[122],"their":[124],"alignment":[125],"average":[127],"walking":[128],"speed.":[129],"Proximity":[130],"were":[132],"consistently":[133],"wider":[134],"denser":[136],"left":[139],"than":[140],"right,":[142],"highlighting":[143],"spatial":[144],"asymmetry":[145],"perception.":[147],"These":[148],"results":[149],"provide":[150],"quantitative":[151],"visual":[153],"insights":[154],"for":[155],"designing":[156],"spaces.":[161],"Future":[162],"should":[164],"examine":[165],"environmental":[166],"group":[168],"dynamics":[169],"design":[172],"enhance":[174],"acceptance":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
