{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410298302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936","title":"Using Fitts' Law to Benchmark Assisted Human-Robot Performance","display_name":"Using Fitts' Law to Benchmark Assisted Human-Robot Performance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410298302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 20th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102515636","display_name":"Jiahe Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiahe Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039648665","display_name":"Jonathan Eden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-265X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Eden","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004224258","display_name":"Denny Oetomo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2680-6489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denny Oetomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Melbourne,Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048175000","display_name":"Wafa Johal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9118-0454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wafa Johal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102515636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1714,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94467556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"203","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fittss-law","display_name":"Fitts's law","score":0.7559783458709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7408113479614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6332961916923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.491657555103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3363959789276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12250253558158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0822487473487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.0727822482585907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159842133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137548","display_name":"Fitts's law","level":3,"score":0.7559783458709717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7408113479614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6332961916923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.491657555103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3363959789276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12250253558158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0822487473487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.0727822482585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hri61500.2025.10973936","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 20th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1143160478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE210100858 and DP240100938","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W4246352526"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shared":[0],"control":[1,61,238],"systems":[2,62],"aim":[3],"to":[4,10,32,44,67,184,221],"combine":[5],"human":[6],"and":[7,37,47,82,91,95,101,105,119,158,214,233,240,252],"robot":[8,96,120],"abilities":[9],"improve":[11],"task":[12,34,87,99,117,123,201],"performance.":[13],"However,":[14],"achieving":[15],"optimal":[16],"performance":[17,100,129],"requires":[18],"that":[19,115,127,152,199,211],"the":[20,26,33,70,84,128,140,153,166,190,194,197,224,227,231,247],"robot's":[21],"level":[22,72,192],"of":[23,73,86,93,142,193,226,236,249],"assistance":[24],"adjusts":[25],"operator's":[27],"cognitive":[28,103,156,171,186,206],"workload":[29],"in":[30,168,173,204,246],"response":[31],"difficulty.":[35],"Understanding":[36],"dynamically":[38],"adjusting":[39],"this":[40,51,78,143],"balance":[41],"is":[42],"crucial":[43],"maximizing":[45],"efficiency":[46],"user":[48,241],"satisfaction.":[49],"In":[50],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,79],"propose":[54],"a":[55,74,180],"novel":[56],"benchmarking":[57,232],"method":[58],"for":[59,139],"shared":[60,237],"based":[63],"on":[64,98],"Fitts'":[65,177],"Law":[66],"formally":[68],"parameterize":[69],"difficulty":[71,88,118,191,202],"target-reaching":[75],"task.":[76],"With":[77],"systematically":[80],"quantify":[81],"model":[83,178],"effect":[85],"(i.e.":[89],"size":[90],"distance":[92],"target)":[94],"autonomy":[97,121],"operators'":[102],"load":[104,157,172,187,207],"trust":[106,159],"levels.":[107,208],"Our":[108],"empirical":[109],"results":[110,203],"(N=24)":[111],"not":[112],"only":[113],"show":[114],"both":[116],"influence":[122],"performance,":[124],"but":[125],"also":[126,150],"can":[130],"be":[131],"modelled":[132],"using":[133],"these":[134,163,212],"parameters,":[135],"which":[136,243],"may":[137],"allow":[138],"generalization":[141],"relationship":[144],"across":[145],"more":[146,250],"diverse":[147],"setups.":[148],"We":[149,209],"found":[151],"users'":[154],"perceived":[155],"were":[160],"influenced":[161],"by":[162],"factors.":[164],"Given":[165],"challenges":[167],"directly":[169],"measuring":[170],"real-time,":[174],"our":[175,215],"adapted":[176],"presents":[179],"potential":[181],"alternative":[182],"approach":[183],"estimate":[185],"through":[188],"determining":[189],"task,":[195],"with":[196],"assumption":[198],"greater":[200],"higher":[205],"hope":[210],"insights":[213],"proposed":[216],"framework":[217],"inspire":[218],"future":[219],"works":[220],"further":[222],"investigate":[223],"generalizability":[225],"method,":[228],"ultimately":[229],"enabling":[230],"systematic":[234],"assessment":[235],"quality":[239],"impact,":[242],"will":[244],"aid":[245],"development":[248],"effective":[251],"adaptable":[253],"systems.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
