{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380591182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932","title":"A Two-Stage Cooperative Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Energy-Aware Computational Offloading","display_name":"A Two-Stage Cooperative Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Energy-Aware Computational Offloading","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380591182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 24th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032708439","display_name":"Marios Avgeris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4883-930X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Avgeris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092163356","display_name":"Meriem Mechennef","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meriem Mechennef","raw_affiliation_strings":["&#x00C9;cole de Technologie sup&#x00E9;rieure (&#x00C9;TS),Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"&#x00C9;cole de Technologie sup&#x00E9;rieure (&#x00C9;TS),Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003789929","display_name":"Aris Leivadeas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2996-6824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aris Leivadeas","raw_affiliation_strings":["&#x00C9;cole de Technologie sup&#x00E9;rieure (&#x00C9;TS),Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"&#x00C9;cole de Technologie sup&#x00E9;rieure (&#x00C9;TS),Department of Software and IT Engineering,Montr&#x00E9;al,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017839977","display_name":"Ioannis Lambadaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-9433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Lambadaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Department of Systems and Computer Engineering,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"179","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9710999727249146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8751134872436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8632100820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.627860963344574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5875808000564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5853643417358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5753799676895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.5652532577514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5477726459503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.47508397698402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.4565829634666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4561440646648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4516408443450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.43347975611686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.4309678375720978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.21321538090705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1301545798778534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08357837796211243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8751134872436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8632100820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.627860963344574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5875808000564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5853643417358398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5753799676895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5652532577514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5477726459503174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.47508397698402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.4565829634666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4561440646648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4516408443450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43347975611686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4309678375720978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.21321538090705872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1301545798778534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08357837796211243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpsr57248.2023.10147932","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 24th International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:27248","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/27248/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Compte rendu de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1604577016","display_name":"Edge Computing Resource Allocation for Dynamic Networks","funder_award_id":"ANR-19-CHR3-0001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808381205","https://openalex.org/W3013441069","https://openalex.org/W3163162707","https://openalex.org/W3163488673","https://openalex.org/W3192910737","https://openalex.org/W4200473397","https://openalex.org/W4205790976","https://openalex.org/W4225894573","https://openalex.org/W4309239113","https://openalex.org/W4312311609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361251304","https://openalex.org/W3024547383","https://openalex.org/W4322761281","https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W4210813012","https://openalex.org/W2968424451","https://openalex.org/W4238233472","https://openalex.org/W4221092438","https://openalex.org/W4313463218","https://openalex.org/W4385335479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,67],"the":[1,9,21,49,55,89,106,110,116,132,137],"5G/6G":[2],"era":[3],"of":[4,11,43,54,109,151],"networking,":[5],"computational":[6,14],"offloading,":[7],"i.e.,":[8],"act":[10],"transferring":[12,140],"resource-intensive":[13],"tasks":[15,87],"to":[16,39,88,97],"separate":[17],"external":[18],"devices":[19,82],"in":[20,37],"network":[22],"proximity,":[23],"constitutes":[24],"a":[25,72,125],"paradigm":[26],"shift":[27],"for":[28,47],"mobile":[29,81],"task":[30,65,134,139],"execution":[31],"on":[32],"Edge":[33,76],"Computing":[34,77],"infrastructures.":[35],"However,":[36],"order":[38],"provide":[40],"firm":[41],"Quality":[42],"Service":[44],"(QoS)":[45],"assurances":[46],"all":[48],"involved":[50],"users,":[51],"meticulous":[52],"planning":[53],"offloading":[56,135,154],"decisions":[57,141],"should":[58],"be":[59],"made,":[60],"which":[61,104],"potentially":[62],"involves":[63],"inter-site":[64],"transferring.":[66],"this":[68,121],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,123],"consider":[71],"multi-user,":[73],"multi-site":[74],"Multi-Access":[75],"(MEC)":[78],"infrastructure,":[79],"where":[80,131],"(MDs)":[83],"can":[84],"offload":[85],"their":[86],"available":[90],"edge":[91],"sites":[92],"(ESs).":[93],"Our":[94],"goal":[95],"is":[96,156],"minimize":[98],"end-to-end":[99],"delay":[100],"and":[101,113,136,149],"energy":[102],"consumption,":[103],"constitute":[105],"sum":[107],"cost":[108],"considered":[111],"system,":[112],"comply":[114],"with":[115],"MDs\u2019":[117],"application":[118],"requirements.":[119],"To":[120],"end,":[122],"introduce":[124],"two-stage":[126],"Reinforcement":[127],"Learning":[128],"(RL)-based":[129],"mechanism,":[130],"MDs-to-ES":[133],"ES-to-ES":[138],"are":[142],"iteratively":[143],"optimized.":[144],"The":[145],"proper":[146],"operation,":[147],"effectiveness":[148],"efficiency":[150],"our":[152],"proposed":[153],"mechanism":[155],"assessed":[157],"under":[158],"various":[159],"evaluation":[160],"scenarios.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
