{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2050900502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","title":"Mosaic: Exploiting the spatial locality of process variation to reduce refresh energy in on-chip eDRAM modules","display_name":"Mosaic: Exploiting the spatial locality of process variation to reduce refresh energy in on-chip eDRAM modules","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2050900502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","mag":"2050900502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 20th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103136069","display_name":"Aditya Agrawal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3822-3176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditya Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049130587","display_name":"Amin Ansari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055909708","display_name":"Josep Torrellas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-5228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josep Torrellas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana\u2013Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.8686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99553761,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7049039602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-retention","display_name":"Data retention","score":0.5961011648178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5137513875961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5106380581855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46782273054122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.43356382846832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.43232083320617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.24451258778572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18081048130989075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7049039602279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780866740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227345","display_name":"Data retention","level":2,"score":0.5961011648178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5137513875961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5106380581855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46782273054122925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.43356382846832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.43232083320617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.24451258778572083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18081048130989075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hpca.2014.6835978","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 20th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.457.6658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.457.6658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://iacoma.cs.uiuc.edu/iacoma-papers/hpca14_1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508256825","https://openalex.org/W1693570377","https://openalex.org/W1970426108","https://openalex.org/W1979432606","https://openalex.org/W1988664198","https://openalex.org/W1989608846","https://openalex.org/W2006097283","https://openalex.org/W2023062763","https://openalex.org/W2038355886","https://openalex.org/W2062419791","https://openalex.org/W2103498248","https://openalex.org/W2105102111","https://openalex.org/W2105892416","https://openalex.org/W2110999128","https://openalex.org/W2114260887","https://openalex.org/W2117608378","https://openalex.org/W2119092821","https://openalex.org/W2119435553","https://openalex.org/W2120017516","https://openalex.org/W2124608923","https://openalex.org/W2126357937","https://openalex.org/W2127478143","https://openalex.org/W2131054871","https://openalex.org/W2140797820","https://openalex.org/W2144005128","https://openalex.org/W2150283124","https://openalex.org/W2151934796","https://openalex.org/W2157587823","https://openalex.org/W2167232152","https://openalex.org/W2170382128","https://openalex.org/W2171148960","https://openalex.org/W3146736181","https://openalex.org/W3150909204","https://openalex.org/W4248310916","https://openalex.org/W4253202538","https://openalex.org/W6675984488","https://openalex.org/W6676961632","https://openalex.org/W6677486319","https://openalex.org/W6793257234","https://openalex.org/W6815746053","https://openalex.org/W6830300290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143400404","https://openalex.org/W2801267388","https://openalex.org/W2110321764","https://openalex.org/W759091488","https://openalex.org/W2004082605","https://openalex.org/W2152099439","https://openalex.org/W3217007046","https://openalex.org/W4362604459","https://openalex.org/W3097818333","https://openalex.org/W1984163603"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"EDRAM":[0],"cells":[1,24,45,71,94],"require":[2],"periodic":[3],"refresh,":[4],"which":[5],"ends":[6],"up":[7,41],"consuming":[8],"substantial":[9],"energy":[10,169],"for":[11],"large":[12,96,158],"last-level":[13],"caches.":[14],"In":[15,50],"practice,":[16],"it":[17],"is":[18,83,148],"well":[19],"known":[20,60],"that":[21,65,89],"different":[22,28,144],"eDRAM":[23,78,97,107,159],"can":[25],"exhibit":[26,99],"very":[27],"charge-retention":[29],"properties.":[30],"Unfortunately,":[31],"current":[32],"systems":[33],"pessimistically":[34],"assume":[35],"worst-case":[36],"retention":[37,68,79,91,115],"times,":[38],"and":[39,120],"end":[40],"refreshing":[42],"all":[43],"the":[44,63,67,90,106,114,129,153],"at":[46,142],"a":[47,74,143,149,166],"conservatively-high":[48],"rate.":[49,145],"this":[51,133],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,103,138],"propose":[54],"an":[55],"alternative":[56],"approach.":[57],"We":[58],"use":[59],"facts":[61],"about":[62],"factors":[64],"determine":[66],"properties":[69,116],"of":[70,77,93,117,155,168],"to":[72],"build":[73],"new":[75],"model":[76,82,87],"times.":[80],"The":[81,86,146],"called":[84,136],"Mosaic.":[85],"shows":[88],"times":[92],"in":[95,125,128,152,157],"modules":[98,160],"spatial":[100],"correlation.":[101],"Therefore,":[102],"logically":[104],"divide":[105],"module":[108],"into":[109],"regions":[110],"or":[111],"tiles,":[112],"profile":[113],"each":[118,140],"tile,":[119],"program":[121],"their":[122],"refresh":[123,139,164],"requirements":[124],"small":[126],"counters":[127],"cache":[130],"controller.":[131],"With":[132],"architecture,":[134],"also":[135],"Mosaic,":[137],"tile":[141],"result":[147],"20x":[150],"reduction":[151],"number":[154],"refreshes":[156],"-":[161],"practically":[162],"eliminating":[163],"as":[165],"source":[167],"consumption.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}