{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171532816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","title":"Blackout mitigation assessment in power transmission systems","display_name":"Blackout mitigation assessment in power transmission systems","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171532816","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","mag":"2171532816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034855273","display_name":"B. A. Carreras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-4690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B.A. Carreras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024866420","display_name":"V. E. Lynch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5836-7636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.E. Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014929698","display_name":"D. E. Newman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5835-0287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141472210","display_name":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7nq853","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141472210"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.E. Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Department, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141472210"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047029894","display_name":"Ian Dobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7018-5475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Dobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034855273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.5414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99214084,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"10 pp.","last_page":"10 pp."},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackout","display_name":"Blackout","score":0.996474027633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.6420716047286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-failure","display_name":"Cascading failure","score":0.5886478424072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5609005689620972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.5394580960273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticality","display_name":"Criticality","score":0.5255424380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4802123010158539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4591701626777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-transmission","display_name":"Electric power transmission","score":0.44264450669288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-transmission","display_name":"Power transmission","score":0.4410402476787567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4138655364513397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3980481028556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.38968807458877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.34124627709388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2994047999382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22777852416038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.14558032155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14182040095329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09523895382881165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777693866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359099","display_name":"Blackout","level":4,"score":0.996474027633667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.6420716047286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.5886478424072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5609005689620972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.5394580960273743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.5255424380302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4802123010158539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4591701626777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.44264450669288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92018576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3242194","display_name":"Power transmission","level":3,"score":0.4410402476787567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4138655364513397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3980481028556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.38968807458877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.34124627709388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2994047999382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22777852416038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.14558032155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14182040095329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09523895382881165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2003.1173911","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.153.7941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.153.7941","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://certs.lbl.gov/pdf/dobson-4.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.3.8198","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.3.8198","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.hicss.hawaii.edu/HICSS36/HICSSpapers/CSSOC03.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.76.6312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.76.6312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~dobson/PAPERS/carrerasHICSS03.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83710714","https://openalex.org/W985156132","https://openalex.org/W1502876580","https://openalex.org/W1533492383","https://openalex.org/W2003320658","https://openalex.org/W2075514521","https://openalex.org/W2097756834","https://openalex.org/W2107171001","https://openalex.org/W2109898502","https://openalex.org/W2112758714","https://openalex.org/W2113188272","https://openalex.org/W2120747200","https://openalex.org/W2123679576","https://openalex.org/W2142702648","https://openalex.org/W2152082671","https://openalex.org/W2169338999","https://openalex.org/W2172790257","https://openalex.org/W3003725138","https://openalex.org/W3006953473","https://openalex.org/W3216194616","https://openalex.org/W4242026078","https://openalex.org/W4293860495","https://openalex.org/W6676549538","https://openalex.org/W6682476751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166444520","https://openalex.org/W2905977148","https://openalex.org/W1652234666","https://openalex.org/W2317494659","https://openalex.org/W2169338999","https://openalex.org/W2387838046","https://openalex.org/W2977054953","https://openalex.org/W4366384290","https://openalex.org/W3008933944","https://openalex.org/W1246461167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electric":[0],"power":[1,42,105],"transmission":[2],"systems":[3,12,79],"are":[4,164,168],"a":[5,53,94],"key":[6],"infrastructure":[7],"and":[8,16,22,68,102,161],"blackouts":[9],"of":[10,26,37,70,75,112,114,129,153],"these":[11,61],"have":[13],"major":[14],"direct":[15],"indirect":[17],"consequences":[18],"on":[19],"the":[20,35,66,91,104,109,120,126,137,151,159,172],"economy":[21],"national":[23],"security.":[24],"Analysis":[25],"North":[27],"American":[28],"Electrical":[29],"Reliability":[30],"Council":[31],"blackout":[32,38,49,71],"data":[33],"suggests":[34],"existence":[36],"size":[39],"distributions":[40],"with":[41,84],"tails.":[43,106],"This":[44,156],"is":[45],"an":[46],"indication":[47],"that":[48],"dynamics":[50,64],"behave":[51],"as":[52],"complex":[54,62,78],"dynamical":[55],"system.":[56],"Here,":[57],"we":[58],"investigate":[59],"how":[60],"system":[63,92],"impact":[65],"assessment":[67],"mitigation":[69,74,87],"risk.":[72],"The":[73,86],"failures":[76],"in":[77,140],"needs":[80],"to":[81,93,132,135,144],"be":[82,118],"approached":[83],"care.":[85],"efforts":[88,143],"can":[89,123,148],"move":[90],"new":[95],"dynamic":[96],"equilibrium":[97],"while":[98,108],"remaining":[99],"near":[100],"criticality":[101],"preserving":[103],"Thus,":[107],"absolute":[110],"frequency":[111,128,152],"disruptions":[113,131,134,147,163],"all":[115],"sizes":[116],"may":[117],"reduced,":[119],"underlying":[121],"forces":[122],"still":[124],"cause":[125],"relative":[127],"large":[130,154,160],"small":[133,146,162],"remain":[136],"same.":[138],"Moreover,":[139],"some":[141],"cases,":[142],"mitigate":[145],"even":[149],"increase":[150],"disruptions.":[155],"occurs":[157],"because":[158],"not":[165],"independent":[166],"but":[167],"strongly":[169],"coupled":[170],"by":[171],"dynamics.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}