{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2053867379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","title":"Measuring and Increasing Z-Width with Active Electrical Damping","display_name":"Measuring and Increasing Z-Width with Active Electrical Damping","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2053867379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","mag":"2053867379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001487013","display_name":"David W. Weir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David W. Weir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006798050","display_name":"J. Edward Colgate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2577-2715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Edward Colgate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091276611","display_name":"Michael A. Peshkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6126-3320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Peshkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern Univ. Evanston, Evanston#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001487013"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.4599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98916639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"169","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.8476266264915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.6587172746658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stiffness","display_name":"Stiffness","score":0.6020634174346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5812118649482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","score":0.5260422229766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46301931142807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.42541733384132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.42028263211250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.410703182220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3426232933998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3175327181816101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3016595244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27182233333587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23074162006378174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.8476266264915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.6587172746658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.6020634174346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5812118649482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.5260422229766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46301931142807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.42541733384132385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.42028263211250305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.410703182220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3426232933998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3175327181816101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3016595244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27182233333587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23074162006378174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptics.2008.4479938","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.722.9433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.722.9433","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://peshkin.mech.northwestern.edu/publications/2008_Weir_ActiveDamping.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.937.5283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.937.5283","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://colgate.mech.northwestern.edu/Website_Articles/Conferences/Weir_2008_MeasuringAndIncreasingZWidthWithActiveElectricalDamping.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600059820","https://openalex.org/W1817278635","https://openalex.org/W2028720893","https://openalex.org/W2033001785","https://openalex.org/W2104997611","https://openalex.org/W2107207454","https://openalex.org/W2114987226","https://openalex.org/W2124034026","https://openalex.org/W2133767973","https://openalex.org/W2144955189","https://openalex.org/W2145867905","https://openalex.org/W2254352181","https://openalex.org/W2261185661","https://openalex.org/W4251653577","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4385323164","https://openalex.org/W6606928955","https://openalex.org/W6636003518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W156716224","https://openalex.org/W2111871955","https://openalex.org/W3175380930","https://openalex.org/W1989694608","https://openalex.org/W2139876914","https://openalex.org/W1986738380","https://openalex.org/W2642061445","https://openalex.org/W4233260495","https://openalex.org/W3094485622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"\"Z-Width\"":[1],"of":[2,10,41,46,59,66,73,84,121,141,159,173,189],"a":[3,31,42,51,60,71,99,127,135,179,183],"haptic":[4,43,61,123,136],"display":[5,137],"is":[6,63,103],"the":[7,38,57,64,94,107,112,119,122,139,145,157,171],"dynamic":[8],"range":[9,188],"impedances":[11,69],"that":[12,98],"can":[13,101],"be":[14],"passively":[15],"rendered.":[16],"Haptic":[17],"displays":[18],"with":[19,163],"larger":[20,184,187],"Z-width":[21,58,85,120,185],"generally":[22],"render":[23,102],"more":[24,52],"realistic":[25],"feeling":[26],"virtual":[27,191],"environments.":[28],"We":[29],"present":[30,126],"new":[32,82,128],"method":[33],"for":[34,55,80,130],"measuring":[35],"and":[36,77,186],"displaying":[37],"Z-":[39],"width":[40],"display.":[44],"Instead":[45],"stiffness-damping":[47],"plots,":[48],"we":[49,125,177],"believe":[50],"illustrative":[53],"technique":[54,129],"plotting":[56],"interface":[62],"envelope":[65],"achievable":[67],"passive":[68,96,190],"as":[70],"function":[72],"frequency.":[74],"Both":[75],"hardware":[76],"analysis":[78],"software":[79],"this":[81],"type":[83],"measurement":[86],"are":[87],"discussed.":[88],"As":[89],"previous":[90],"research":[91],"has":[92,156],"shown,":[93],"maximum":[95],"impedance":[97],"device":[100],"directly":[104],"related":[105],"to":[106,117,134,149],"physical":[108,132],"damping":[109,133,155],"available":[110],"in":[111,144],"mechanism.":[113],"In":[114],"an":[115],"effort":[116],"maximize":[118],"display,":[124],"adding":[131],"through":[138],"use":[140],"analog":[142],"electronics":[143],"motor":[146],"amplifier.":[147],"Due":[148],"its":[150],"electrical":[151,154,175],"nature,":[152],"active":[153,174],"benefit":[158],"dynamically":[160],"variable":[161],"parameters":[162],"no":[164],"added":[165],"mechanical":[166],"complexity":[167],"or":[168],"mass.":[169],"With":[170],"addition":[172],"damping,":[176],"show":[178],"performance":[180],"improvement":[181],"via":[182],"environment":[192],"parameters.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
