{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122793397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","title":"Haptics using a smart material for eyes free interaction in mobile devices","display_name":"Haptics using a smart material for eyes free interaction in mobile devices","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122793397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","mag":"2122793397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371075","display_name":"Huihui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4098-5313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005360839","display_name":"Dimosthenis Kaleas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimosthenis Kaleas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067586394","display_name":"Roger Ruuspakka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Ruuspakka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081621541","display_name":"Robert Tartz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111675","display_name":"Market Matters","ror":"https://ror.org/021yan307","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Tartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Inc, 5775 Morehouse Dr., San Diego, CA 92121-1714 (USA), USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210111675"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"523","last_page":"526"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.9149347543716431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7311504483222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.6453373432159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sma*","display_name":"SMA*","score":0.6072483658790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","score":0.5129784941673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4950825273990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shape-memory-alloy","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","score":0.4811317026615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.46705448627471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.41802695393562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.41468149423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.357662171125412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.29140016436576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23734885454177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.21056300401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14688220620155334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.9149347543716431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7311504483222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.6453373432159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161921814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493743","display_name":"SMA*","level":2,"score":0.6072483658790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289436","display_name":"Texture (cosmology)","level":3,"score":0.5129784941673279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4950825273990631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898455","display_name":"Shape-memory alloy","level":2,"score":0.4811317026615143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.46705448627471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.41802695393562317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.41468149423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.357662171125412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.29140016436576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23734885454177856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21056300401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14688220620155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/haptic.2012.6183841","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1824470499","https://openalex.org/W1858475798","https://openalex.org/W1978464142","https://openalex.org/W1982837867","https://openalex.org/W2089305039","https://openalex.org/W2112374856","https://openalex.org/W2122261804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2240404672","https://openalex.org/W2089457653","https://openalex.org/W2744612160","https://openalex.org/W2368486505","https://openalex.org/W1986752515","https://openalex.org/W2626373589","https://openalex.org/W2382235839","https://openalex.org/W2163192098","https://openalex.org/W2079323691","https://openalex.org/W2153672924"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,108],"present":[1],"a":[2,34],"proof":[3],"of":[4,23,104],"concept":[5],"(POC)":[6],"for":[7,66,116],"haptic":[8,68,84],"interaction":[9],"when":[10],"audio":[11],"or":[12],"visual":[13],"feedback":[14],"is":[15,98],"not":[16],"practical.":[17],"The":[18,59,83],"POC":[19,60,114],"includes":[20],"addressable":[21],"arrays":[22],"two-way":[24],"Shape":[25],"Memory":[26],"Alloy":[27],"(SMA)":[28],"springs":[29],"which":[30],"can":[31,61,86],"operate":[32],"at":[33],"lower":[35],"voltage":[36],"and":[37,75],"temperature":[38,76],"compatible":[39],"with":[40,112],"mobile":[41],"devices.":[42],"They":[43],"will":[44],"form":[45],"different":[46,113],"shapes":[47],"due":[48,77,100],"to":[49,78,89,101],"the":[50,57,79,90,96,102],"thermal":[51],"effect":[52],"as":[53,71],"current":[54,97],"travels":[55],"through":[56],"springs.":[58],"simultaneously":[62],"realize":[63],"multiple":[64],"methods":[65],"conveying":[67],"information":[69],"such":[70],"dimension,":[72],"force,":[73],"texture":[74],"flexible":[80],"array":[81],"design.":[82],"interface":[85],"go":[87],"back":[88],"original":[91],"shape":[92],"by":[93],"itself":[94],"after":[95],"off":[99],"advance":[103],"two":[105],"way":[106],"SMA.":[107],"are":[109],"developing":[110],"applications":[111],"designs":[115],"tangible":[117],"interactions.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
