{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2586104582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","title":"Second-Order Memory Based LT Encoder Design","display_name":"Second-Order Memory Based LT Encoder Design","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2586104582","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","mag":"2586104582"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023605867","display_name":"Luyao Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-0822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luyao Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037007988","display_name":"Erik Perrins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-4523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146416000","display_name":"University of Kansas","ror":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik S. Perrins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023605867"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146416000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74355179,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fountain-code","display_name":"Fountain code","score":0.8288246393203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.76897132396698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.6357704997062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erasure","display_name":"Erasure","score":0.6179850697517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luby-transform-code","display_name":"Luby transform code","score":0.6022971272468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erasure-code","display_name":"Erasure code","score":0.5692155361175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5417665839195251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-erasure-channel","display_name":"Binary erasure channel","score":0.4971525967121124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raptor-code","display_name":"Raptor code","score":0.45708584785461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.4405045211315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4333561062812805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.42525601387023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3434922695159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3322962522506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.30175596475601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2541602551937103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.19329380989074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.17021751403808594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76132124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474786","display_name":"Fountain code","level":5,"score":0.8288246393203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.76897132396698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.6357704997062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778790127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484885","display_name":"Erasure","level":2,"score":0.6179850697517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128151799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13563306","display_name":"Luby transform code","level":5,"score":0.6022971272468567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137529215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5385031","display_name":"Erasure code","level":3,"score":0.5692155361175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5417665839195251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149862233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864142","display_name":"Binary erasure channel","level":4,"score":0.4971525967121124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101252705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7294373","display_name":"Raptor code","level":5,"score":0.45708584785461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.4405045211315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4333561062812805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.42525601387023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3434922695159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3322962522506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.30175596475601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2541602551937103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.19329380989074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.17021751403808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7849036","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484697260","https://openalex.org/W1969254694","https://openalex.org/W1980508703","https://openalex.org/W1985033232","https://openalex.org/W1990783569","https://openalex.org/W2026357470","https://openalex.org/W2111545971","https://openalex.org/W2161342511","https://openalex.org/W2296125569","https://openalex.org/W2296600582","https://openalex.org/W2757698751","https://openalex.org/W4229922087","https://openalex.org/W4237064274","https://openalex.org/W4244625299","https://openalex.org/W6745013395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983975287","https://openalex.org/W2363930252","https://openalex.org/W1985033232","https://openalex.org/W2133831677","https://openalex.org/W3084685600","https://openalex.org/W2964159840","https://openalex.org/W2343252454","https://openalex.org/W2005859948","https://openalex.org/W2013793422","https://openalex.org/W1991256967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increasing":[0],"communication":[1],"reliability":[2],"and":[3,144,164],"decreasing":[4],"latency":[5],"is":[6,31,39,120],"an":[7],"increasing":[8],"demand":[9],"in":[10,23,124,152],"wireless":[11],"multihop":[12],"networks.":[13],"In":[14],"this":[15,125],"regards,":[16],"fountain":[17,36,47],"codes":[18],"have":[19],"been":[20,77],"widely":[21],"adopted":[22],"cooperative":[24],"transmissions.":[25],"The":[26],"Luby":[27],"transform":[28],"(LT)":[29],"code":[30,37,48,54,99],"considered":[32],"as":[33,71],"a":[34],"fundamental":[35],"that":[38,79,146],"used":[40],"to":[41,83,96],"improve":[42,97],"the":[43,46,60,64,68,84,86,90,98,114,129,133,139,149,155,159,165],"performance":[44,115],"of":[45,63,89,154],"family.":[49],"Previous":[50],"work":[51,103],"on":[52,59,106],"LT":[53,111],"design":[55],"has":[56,76],"focused":[57],"mainly":[58],"degree":[61,87],"distribution":[62,88],"output":[65],"symbols,":[66],"leaving":[67],"input":[69,91],"symbols":[70,92],"being":[72],"Poisson":[73],"distributed.":[74],"It":[75],"proved":[78],"by":[80],"introducing":[81],"memory":[82,109,118],"encoder,":[85],"can":[93],"be":[94],"designed":[95],"performance.":[100],"However,":[101],"existing":[102],"focuses":[104],"only":[105],"first-":[107],"order":[108],"based":[110],"encoders":[112],"(MBLTEs);":[113],"with":[116,132],"higher":[117],"orders":[119],"not":[121],"investigated.":[122],"Therefore,":[123],"paper":[126],"we":[127],"study":[128],"second-order":[130],"MBLTE":[131,151],"belief":[134],"propagation":[135],"(BP)":[136],"decoder":[137,156],"over":[138],"binary":[140],"erasure":[141],"channel":[142],"(BEC)":[143],"show":[145],"it":[147],"outperforms":[148],"first-order":[150],"terms":[153],"convergence":[157],"speed,":[158],"bit":[160],"error":[161,166],"rate":[162],"(BER)":[163],"floor.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
