{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587051564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","title":"Architecture Approaches for 5G Millimetre Wave Access Assisted by 5G Low-Band Using Multi-Connectivity","display_name":"Architecture Approaches for 5G Millimetre Wave Access Assisted by 5G Low-Band Using Multi-Connectivity","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587051564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","mag":"2587051564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109858836","display_name":"Danish Aziz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Danish Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085991755","display_name":"Jens Gebert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Gebert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014226713","display_name":"Anton Ambrosy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Ambrosy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110620123","display_name":"H.C.M. de Bakker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hajo Bakker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023095450","display_name":"Hardy Halbauer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hardy Halbauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109858836"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4701,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84677343,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"e98 b","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7674962282180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimetre-wave","display_name":"Millimetre wave","score":0.620387613773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband","display_name":"Broadband","score":0.5586263537406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5230696797370911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5052536129951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5037407279014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter","display_name":"Millimeter","score":0.4780362546443939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.41860082745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4175168573856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-network","display_name":"Access network","score":0.4141024351119995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7674962282180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985862388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Millimetre wave","level":2,"score":0.620387613773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.5586263537406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5230696797370911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5052536129951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5037407279014587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.4780362546443939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.41860082745552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4175168573856354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62793504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228327","display_name":"Access network","level":2,"score":0.4141024351119995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocomw.2016.7848840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321679","display_name":"Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/055tm7f07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336713","display_name":"Central Power Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00d1evr30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W2009447832","https://openalex.org/W2088661857","https://openalex.org/W2110559703","https://openalex.org/W2116211118","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2346891518","https://openalex.org/W3100119410"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245196113","https://openalex.org/W4301264677","https://openalex.org/W4391318558","https://openalex.org/W3124420415","https://openalex.org/W4391318697","https://openalex.org/W2042062093","https://openalex.org/W3014814242","https://openalex.org/W2544978743","https://openalex.org/W1969372497","https://openalex.org/W2622141828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,10,46,56,72,124,172],"the":[2,8,18,39,43,61,64,81,88,148,152,163,170],"key":[3],"technology":[4],"components":[5],"envisioned":[6],"for":[7,100,111,128,157,169],"delivery":[9],"extreme":[11],"mobile":[12],"broadband":[13],"in":[14,113],"5G":[15,89,129,174],"networks":[16],"is":[17,29,58,143],"radio":[19,130],"access":[20,131,175],"using":[21,25,74],"millimetre":[22,47,75,97,178],"waves.":[23],"However,":[24],"this":[26,104],"technology,":[27],"it":[28],"challenging":[30],"to":[31,38,42,94],"provide":[32],"reliable":[33],"and":[34,63,87,133,137,151,155],"seamless":[35],"data":[36],"transmission":[37],"users.":[40],"Due":[41],"propagation":[44],"characteristics":[45],"waves,":[48],"high":[49],"interruption":[50],"times":[51],"may":[52],"occur":[53],"if":[54],"line":[55,116],"sight":[57],"obstructed":[59],"between":[60],"transmitter":[62],"receiver.":[65],"Therefore,":[66],"we":[67,106,120],"propagate":[68],"that":[69],"cellular":[70],"deployment":[71],"systems":[73],"waves":[76,98,179],"must":[77],"be":[78,92],"supported":[79],"by":[80,146],"low-band":[82],"(below":[83],"6":[84],"GHz)":[85],"coverage":[86],"network":[90,132,176],"should":[91],"able":[93],"provision":[95],"multiple":[96],"links":[99],"a":[101,122],"user.":[102],"For":[103],"purpose,":[105],"propose":[107],"novel":[108],"functionalities":[109],"required":[110,149],"Multi-Connectivity":[112],"5G.":[114],"In":[115],"with":[117],"our":[118],"proposal,":[119],"present":[121],"set":[123],"different":[125],"potential":[126,153],"architectures":[127],"discuss":[134],"their":[135],"protocol":[136],"functional":[138],"requirements.":[139],"A":[140],"qualitative":[141],"assessment":[142],"carried":[144],"out":[145],"comparing":[147],"messages":[150],"pros":[154],"cons":[156],"each":[158],"architectural":[159],"approach.":[160],"Based":[161],"on":[162],"evaluation,":[164],"some":[165],"recommendations":[166],"are":[167],"highlighted":[168],"design":[171],"future":[173],"incorporating":[177],"transmission.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
