{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2608102273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","title":"C-RAN with Hybrid RF/FSO Fronthaul Links: Joint Optimization of RF Time Allocation and Fronthaul Compression","display_name":"C-RAN with Hybrid RF/FSO Fronthaul Links: Joint Optimization of RF Time Allocation and Fronthaul Compression","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2608102273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","mag":"2608102273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.05711","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063246704","display_name":"Marzieh Najafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-4311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marzieh Najafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087843323","display_name":"Vahid Jamali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3920-7415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vahid Jamali","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006080984","display_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia","UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033990377","display_name":"Robert Schober","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-4884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181369854","display_name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Schober","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063246704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181369854"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03231833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6418885588645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.6256672739982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.6147931814193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5925063490867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.538500964641571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4996170997619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-over-fiber","display_name":"Radio over fiber","score":0.4970763027667999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.45776277780532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4530855417251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4354265034198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3661677837371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3571476936340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3274708390235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.21124979853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.2049921751022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19939857721328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19232726097106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18852758407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15124434232711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-station","display_name":"Mobile station","score":0.08293905854225159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6418885588645935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.6256672739982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.6147931814193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5925063490867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.538500964641571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4996170997619629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780113332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16045086","display_name":"Radio over fiber","level":3,"score":0.4970763027667999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.45776277780532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4530855417251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4354265034198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3661677837371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3571476936340332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3274708390235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.21124979853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2049921751022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19939857721328735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19232726097106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18852758407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15124434232711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.08293905854225159}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254767","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1704.05711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05711","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.05711","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.05004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.05004","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.05004","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2608102273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.05711.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1704.05711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1704.05711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1808.05004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.05004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1704.05711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05711","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.05711","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608102273.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608102273.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89794543","https://openalex.org/W132901562","https://openalex.org/W610339656","https://openalex.org/W1494099594","https://openalex.org/W1568288633","https://openalex.org/W1634005169","https://openalex.org/W1836345739","https://openalex.org/W1970767514","https://openalex.org/W1982892759","https://openalex.org/W2019905317","https://openalex.org/W2055701814","https://openalex.org/W2062874479","https://openalex.org/W2070394551","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2162404506","https://openalex.org/W2163762663","https://openalex.org/W2263466419","https://openalex.org/W2338770003","https://openalex.org/W2342496482","https://openalex.org/W2476858356","https://openalex.org/W2529953785","https://openalex.org/W2608727628","https://openalex.org/W2802474256","https://openalex.org/W2962740129","https://openalex.org/W2963652759","https://openalex.org/W3099602767","https://openalex.org/W3101609953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2973226602","https://openalex.org/W2611136595","https://openalex.org/W3099602767","https://openalex.org/W3199725860","https://openalex.org/W1531762922","https://openalex.org/W3096450425","https://openalex.org/W2083739017","https://openalex.org/W2612460387","https://openalex.org/W3202234385","https://openalex.org/W2911243629","https://openalex.org/W3019692623","https://openalex.org/W3101609953","https://openalex.org/W2265586742","https://openalex.org/W3209231566","https://openalex.org/W2958821204","https://openalex.org/W2777400456","https://openalex.org/W2774855284","https://openalex.org/W2235499074","https://openalex.org/W2956408394","https://openalex.org/W3008188175"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"considers":[2],"the":[3,22,44,51,73,81,89,97,100,108,117,125,132,147,162,172,194,203,207],"uplink":[4],"of":[5,13,43,85,91,187],"a":[6,33,38,154,182],"cloud":[7],"radio":[8,17,65],"access":[9],"network":[10],"(C-RAN)":[11],"comprised":[12],"several":[14],"multi-antenna":[15],"remote":[16],"units":[18],"(RUs)":[19],"which":[20,142],"send":[21],"data":[23,53,83],"that":[24,124,171,181],"they":[25,77],"received":[26,110],"from":[27,79,202],"multiple":[28],"mobile":[29],"users":[30],"(MUs)":[31],"to":[32,105,116,146],"central":[34],"unit":[35],"(CU)":[36],"via":[37],"wireless":[39],"fronthaul":[40,74,98,129,151],"link.":[41],"One":[42],"fundamental":[45],"challenges":[46],"in":[47,153,185,197],"implementing":[48],"C-RAN":[49],"is":[50,175],"huge":[52],"rate":[54,174,189],"required":[55],"for":[56,72],"fronthauling.":[57],"To":[58,94],"address":[59],"this":[60],"issue,":[61],"we":[62,122,137],"employ":[63,102,131],"hybrid":[64],"frequency":[66],"(RF)/free":[67],"space":[68],"optical":[69],"(FSO)":[70],"systems":[71],"links":[75,87,130,152,209],"as":[76],"benefit":[78],"both":[80],"large":[82],"rates":[84],"FSO":[86,208],"and":[88,128,150,160],"reliability":[90],"RF":[92,120,126,134,148],"links.":[93],"efficiently":[95],"exploit":[96],"capacity,":[99],"RUs":[101],"vector":[103],"quantization":[104,163],"jointly":[106],"compress":[107],"signals":[109],"at":[111,167],"their":[112],"antennas.":[113],"Moreover,":[114],"due":[115],"limited":[118],"available":[119],"spectrum,":[121],"assume":[123],"multiple-access":[127,149],"same":[133],"resources.":[135],"Thereby,":[136],"propose":[138],"an":[139],"adaptive":[140],"protocol":[141,196],"allocates":[143],"transmission":[144],"time":[145,155],"division":[156],"duplex":[157],"(TDD)":[158],"manner":[159],"optimizes":[161],"noise":[164],"covariance":[165],"matrix":[166],"each":[168],"RU":[169],"such":[170],"sum":[173,188],"maximized.":[176],"Our":[177],"simulation":[178],"results":[179],"reveal":[180],"considerable":[183],"gain":[184],"terms":[186],"can":[190],"be":[191],"achieved":[192],"by":[193],"proposed":[195],"comparison":[198],"with":[199],"benchmark":[200],"schemes":[201],"literature,":[204],"especially":[205],"when":[206],"experience":[210],"unfavorable":[211],"atmospheric":[212],"conditions.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}