{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2610907055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","title":"Spectrum Monitoring for Radar Bands Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Spectrum Monitoring for Radar Bands Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2610907055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","mag":"2610907055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.00462","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023185672","display_name":"Ahmed Selim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Selim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058455631","display_name":"Francisco Paisana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-4251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Paisana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007427750","display_name":"Jerome A. Arokkiam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerome A. Arokkiam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388049","display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7083-5802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070786484","display_name":"Linda Doyle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8183-6429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Doyle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041092244","display_name":"Luiz A. DaSilva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-6150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luiz A. DaSilva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College, CONNECT center, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7396676540374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.7161383628845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7157300710678101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6540564298629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5219908952713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47941848635673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.45037686824798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4422360956668854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.41847991943359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4112408757209778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2994675934314728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2817938029766083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7396676540374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.7161383628845215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7157300710678101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6540564298629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5219908952713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47941848635673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.45037686824798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4422360956668854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.41847991943359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4112408757209778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2994675934314728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2817938029766083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2017.8254105","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1705.00462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.00462","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.00462","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2610907055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.00462.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1705.00462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1705.00462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1705.00462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.00462","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.00462","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2635301613","display_name":"Orchestration and Reconfguration Control Architecture","funder_award_id":"732174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5647087542","display_name":"elastic WIreless Networking Experimentation","funder_award_id":"688116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6586979110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13/RC/2077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7226090481","display_name":"CONNECT: The Centre for Future Networks & Communications","funder_award_id":"13/RC/2077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610907055.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610907055.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591169274","https://openalex.org/W1764409812","https://openalex.org/W2021977116","https://openalex.org/W2055224708","https://openalex.org/W2101354295","https://openalex.org/W2120192162","https://openalex.org/W2123448166","https://openalex.org/W2170778725","https://openalex.org/W2185861130","https://openalex.org/W2189117855","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2612896517","https://openalex.org/W2950094539","https://openalex.org/W2951759938","https://openalex.org/W6617626364","https://openalex.org/W6637721754"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121601315","https://openalex.org/W3037205033","https://openalex.org/W2973943234","https://openalex.org/W3018251161","https://openalex.org/W2605049359","https://openalex.org/W3142927872","https://openalex.org/W3022579235","https://openalex.org/W2922207534","https://openalex.org/W2883330646","https://openalex.org/W3114192001","https://openalex.org/W2940734976","https://openalex.org/W3113067855","https://openalex.org/W2973566930","https://openalex.org/W3085855175","https://openalex.org/W3153837197","https://openalex.org/W2811310557","https://openalex.org/W3093540742","https://openalex.org/W2791871958","https://openalex.org/W2943251243","https://openalex.org/W3040449973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,25,74,97,121],"spectrum":[6,16],"monitoring":[7],"framework":[8,23],"for":[9],"the":[10,40,46,82,104,110],"detection":[11],"of":[12,21,42,58,77,84,109,124],"radar":[13,43,86],"signals":[14,44,52],"in":[15,45],"sharing":[17],"scenarios.":[18],"The":[19,130],"core":[20],"our":[22,116,127],"is":[24,134],"deep":[26],"Convolutional":[27],"Neural":[28],"Network":[29,70],"(CNN)":[30],"model":[31,118,133],"that":[32,102],"enables":[33],"Measurement":[34],"Capable":[35],"Devices":[36],"(MCDs)":[37],"to":[38,119],"identify":[39],"presence":[41],"radio":[47],"spectrum,":[48],"even":[49],"when":[50],"these":[51],"are":[53],"overlapped":[54],"with":[55],"other":[56,142],"sources":[57],"interference,":[59],"such":[60,144],"as":[61,145],"commercial":[62],"Long-Term":[63],"Evolution":[64],"(LTE)":[65],"and":[66,92,106],"Wireless":[67],"Local":[68],"Area":[69],"(WLAN).":[71],"We":[72,95],"collected":[73,111],"large":[75],"dataset":[76],"RF":[78],"measurements,":[79],"which":[80],"include":[81],"transmissions":[83],"multiple":[85],"pulse":[87],"waveforms,":[88],"downlink":[89],"LTE,":[90],"WLAN,":[91],"thermal":[93],"noise.":[94],"propose":[96],"pre-":[98],"processing":[99],"data":[100],"representation":[101,114],"leverages":[103],"amplitude":[105],"phase":[107],"shifts":[108],"samples.":[112],"This":[113],"allows":[115],"CNN":[117,132,147],"achieve":[120],"classification":[122],"accuracy":[123],"99.6%":[125],"on":[126],"testing":[128],"dataset.":[129],"trained":[131],"then":[135],"tested":[136],"under":[137],"various":[138],"SNR":[139],"values,":[140],"outperforming":[141],"models,":[143],"spectrogram-based":[146],"models.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}