{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2520305843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","title":"Pilot Contamination Attack Detection by Key-Confirmation in Secure MIMO Systems","display_name":"Pilot Contamination Attack Detection by Key-Confirmation in Secure MIMO Systems","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2520305843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","mag":"2520305843"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.02197","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076790432","display_name":"Stefano Tomasin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3253-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123571","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02rbzf697","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]}],"countries":["FR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Tomasin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","University of Padua, Padua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043258085","display_name":"Ingmar Land","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2037-8556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123571","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02rbzf697","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]}],"countries":["CN","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingmar Land","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","Huawei Technologies (China), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies (China), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043067137","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Gabry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5863-7766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123571","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/02rbzf697","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]}],"countries":["CN","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederic Gabry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","Huawei Technologies (China), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical and Algorithmic Sciences Lab, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies (China), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10191046,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.745310366153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7058707475662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.6921573281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.6476761102676392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6381077170372009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5958495140075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.587293267250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5326076745986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-leakage","display_name":"Information leakage","score":0.4916289448738098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4527944326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.34782934188842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.32110708951950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.31918686628341675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.745310366153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7058707475662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.6921573281288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.6476761102676392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6381077170372009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5958495140075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.587293267250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5326076745986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.4916289448738098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4527944326400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34782934188842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.32110708951950073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.31918686628341675}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2016.7842146","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1609.02197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.02197","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.02197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2520305843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.02197.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3222078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3222078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402547","display_name":"Padua Research Archive (University of Padova)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1609.02197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1609.02197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1609.02197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1609.02197","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1609.02197","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2520305843.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2520305843.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W949353694","https://openalex.org/W1524013832","https://openalex.org/W1528401588","https://openalex.org/W1660562555","https://openalex.org/W1694802015","https://openalex.org/W1733425272","https://openalex.org/W2021255076","https://openalex.org/W2022628978","https://openalex.org/W2035769579","https://openalex.org/W2072202703","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2145000276","https://openalex.org/W2148046772","https://openalex.org/W2156918229","https://openalex.org/W2952620171","https://openalex.org/W6656071496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964169309","https://openalex.org/W3187530331","https://openalex.org/W2777541820","https://openalex.org/W3105472712","https://openalex.org/W2900933071","https://openalex.org/W2941826195","https://openalex.org/W2035769579","https://openalex.org/W2809328398","https://openalex.org/W3107650027","https://openalex.org/W2288807502","https://openalex.org/W2091271483","https://openalex.org/W2088720926","https://openalex.org/W2994490226","https://openalex.org/W2883492073","https://openalex.org/W2792412801","https://openalex.org/W3208250608","https://openalex.org/W2782815924","https://openalex.org/W2774799610","https://openalex.org/W2947710575","https://openalex.org/W2963350122"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"security":[1],"techniques":[2,28],"working":[3],"at":[4,15,41],"the":[5,16,74,78,89,93,96,100,107,128],"physical":[6],"layer":[7],"need":[8],"a":[9,50,81,124],"correct":[10],"channel":[11,64,79,90],"state":[12],"information":[13,75],"(CSI)":[14],"transmitter,":[17],"especially":[18],"when":[19,133],"devices":[20],"are":[21,29],"equipped":[22],"with":[23,123,140],"multiple":[24],"antennas.":[25],"Therefore":[26],"such":[27],"vulnerable":[30],"to":[31,52,61,72,80],"pilot":[32],"contamination":[33],"attacks":[34,117],"(PCAs)":[35],"by":[36,56,92],"which":[37],"an":[38],"attacker":[39,94,101],"aims":[40],"inducing":[42],"false":[43],"CSI.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper":[47],"we":[48,105],"provide":[49],"solution":[51,135],"some":[53],"PCA":[54],"methods,":[55],"letting":[57],"two":[58],"legitimate":[59,103],"parties":[60],"compare":[62],"their":[63],"estimates.":[65],"The":[66],"comparison":[67],"is":[68,120,136],"made":[69],"in":[70,138],"order":[71],"minimize":[73],"leakage":[76],"on":[77,87],"possible":[82,116],"attacker.":[83],"By":[84],"reasonable":[85],"assumptions":[86],"both":[88],"knowledge":[91],"and":[95,102,118],"correlation":[97],"properties":[98],"of":[99,109,115,127],"channels":[104],"show":[106],"validity":[108],"our":[110,134],"solution.":[111],"An":[112],"accurate":[113],"analysis":[114],"countermeasures":[119],"provided,":[121],"together":[122],"numerical":[125],"evaluation":[126],"attainable":[129],"secrecy":[130],"outage":[131],"probability":[132],"used":[137],"conjunction":[139],"beamforming":[141],"for":[142],"secret":[143],"communications.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}