{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023541396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","title":"An empirical study of indoor localization algorithms with densely deployed APs","display_name":"An empirical study of indoor localization algorithms with densely deployed APs","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023541396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","mag":"2023541396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696108","display_name":"Xin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2632-6362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050143847","display_name":"Junjun Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjun Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021450973","display_name":"Yao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-5286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101636662","display_name":"Xiangqun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-5906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangqun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High-Confidence Software Technologies (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies, Ministry of Education School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100696108"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6746,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85850692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"517","last_page":"522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7027320861816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44957175850868225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7027320861816406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44957175850868225}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2014.7036860","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76788353","https://openalex.org/W96744093","https://openalex.org/W1592769463","https://openalex.org/W1981831056","https://openalex.org/W2005598601","https://openalex.org/W2097531960","https://openalex.org/W2105308437","https://openalex.org/W2117521997","https://openalex.org/W2148295582","https://openalex.org/W2154893015","https://openalex.org/W2163993204","https://openalex.org/W2166315077","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2170939901","https://openalex.org/W2171785275","https://openalex.org/W2999214452","https://openalex.org/W6603101531","https://openalex.org/W6604024153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2003465964","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W303980170","https://openalex.org/W2351491280","https://openalex.org/W2386767533","https://openalex.org/W2371447506","https://openalex.org/W2333698505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"indoor":[1,74],"positioning":[2],"algorithms":[3,29,76,112,136],"have":[4],"been":[5],"proposed":[6,148],"in":[7,77,140,158],"the":[8,21,27,53,95,98,131,141,147],"last":[9],"decade,":[10],"most":[11],"of":[12,47,52,55,71,83,97,100,134],"which":[13,144],"are":[14],"based":[15],"on":[16],"WiFi":[17,72],"RSS":[18],"fingerprints.":[19],"However,":[20],"environment":[22,80],"has":[23],"changed":[24],"dramatically":[25],"since":[26],"original":[28],"using":[30],"only":[31],"a":[32,78,116],"few":[33],"Access":[34],"Points":[35],"(APs).":[36],"A":[37],"typical":[38],"building":[39],"with":[40,81,137],"densely":[41],"deployed":[42],"APs":[43,56],"might":[44],"contain":[45],"hundreds":[46,82],"APs.":[48,84],"The":[49,107],"explosive":[50],"growth":[51],"number":[54,99],"introduces":[57],"new":[58,117],"challenges":[59],"to":[60,88,153],"these":[61],"WiFi-based":[62],"localization":[63,75,132],"algorithms.":[64],"This":[65],"paper":[66],"presents":[67],"an":[68,126,159],"empirical":[69],"study":[70,86,108],"fingerprint-based":[73],"real-world":[79],"Our":[85],"aims":[87],"answer":[89],"several":[90],"important":[91],"research":[92],"questions":[93],"regarding":[94],"influence":[96],"APs,":[101],"time":[102],"variance":[103],"and":[104,113],"device":[105],"variance.":[106],"implements":[109],"four":[110],"existing":[111],"also":[114],"proposes":[115],"algorithm":[118,150],"called":[119],"LCS":[120,149],"that":[121,146],"is":[122,151],"designed":[123],"specifically":[124],"for":[125],"AP-intensive":[127,160],"environment.":[128],"We":[129],"compare":[130],"accuracy":[133],"different":[135,138],"variances":[139,157],"experimental":[142],"results,":[143],"shows":[145],"able":[152],"efficiently":[154],"resist":[155],"diverse":[156],"setup.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
