{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065148190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","title":"The measure of security in quantum cryptography","display_name":"The measure of security in quantum cryptography","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065148190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","mag":"2065148190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089084682","display_name":"Marcin Niemiec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-9592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Niemiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland","Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002645672","display_name":"Andrzej R. Pach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6596-065X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I686019","display_name":"AGH University of Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/00bas1c41","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej R. Pach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland","Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089084682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I686019"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93504753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"967","last_page":"972"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7295212745666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.6247519850730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6109468340873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security-model","display_name":"Computer security model","score":0.5752362012863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-cryptography","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","score":0.5308701992034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.5080106258392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5003323554992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-testing","display_name":"Security testing","score":0.473860502243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.4582352936267853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bb84","display_name":"BB84","score":0.44930392503738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-convergence","display_name":"Security convergence","score":0.4419604241847992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.4207220673561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4157920777797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.3877277076244354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.32750993967056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.21409085392951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security-policy","display_name":"Network security policy","score":0.16865453124046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.08262625336647034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7295212745666504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.6247519850730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6109468340873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121822524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157582","display_name":"Computer security model","level":2,"score":0.5752362012863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.5308701992034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.5080106258392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5003323554992676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.473860502243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.4582352936267853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78203541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566969","display_name":"BB84","level":5,"score":0.44930392503738403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52420254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445028","display_name":"Security convergence","level":5,"score":0.4419604241847992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.4207220673561096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4157920777797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.3877277076244354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.32750993967056274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.21409085392951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117110713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394676","display_name":"Network security policy","level":4,"score":0.16865453124046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.08262625336647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2012.6503238","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101435204","https://openalex.org/W161287064","https://openalex.org/W1545744341","https://openalex.org/W1997124098","https://openalex.org/W2110033949","https://openalex.org/W2120823953","https://openalex.org/W2121213780","https://openalex.org/W2134515091","https://openalex.org/W6679845595"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W833563683","https://openalex.org/W4282564355","https://openalex.org/W2165898552","https://openalex.org/W2345270111","https://openalex.org/W1528506334","https://openalex.org/W4391037179","https://openalex.org/W2395987867","https://openalex.org/W4234914486","https://openalex.org/W2418642600","https://openalex.org/W1857002762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,83],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,31,43],"new":[4,32],"concept":[5,33],"of":[6,34,36,46,85,107],"security":[7,37,47,61,70,76,81,86,93],"measurement":[8],"in":[9,38],"quantum":[10,16],"cryptography":[11],"(QC).":[12],"The":[13,101],"most":[14],"popular":[15],"key":[17,23],"distribution":[18],"protocol":[19],"BB84":[20],"and":[21,42,62,78,99],"the":[22,74,79,91,105,112],"distillation":[24],"process":[25],"are":[26,72],"briefly":[27],"introduced":[28],"first.":[29],"Next,":[30],"entropy":[35],"QC":[39],"is":[40,48,57],"proposed,":[41],"unique":[44],"measure":[45],"defined.":[49],"Using":[50],"this":[51],"quantitative":[52],"approach":[53],"to":[54,59,89],"security,":[55],"it":[56],"possible":[58],"manage":[60],"personalize":[63],"services":[64],"based":[65],"on":[66],"QC.":[67],"Two":[68],"different":[69],"levels":[71],"defined:":[73],"basic":[75],"level":[77,94],"advanced":[80],"level.":[82],"differentiation":[84],"enables":[87],"us":[88],"choose":[90],"appropriate":[92],"for":[95],"specific":[96],"end-users'":[97],"requirements":[98],"needs.":[100],"last":[102],"section":[103],"presents":[104],"results":[106],"simulation":[108],"experiments":[109],"which":[110],"verified":[111],"proposed":[113],"solution.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}