{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033213170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","title":"A Radio Propagation Model for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks","display_name":"A Radio Propagation Model for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033213170","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","mag":"2033213170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109118238","display_name":"Suk-Un Yoon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suk-Un Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054701243","display_name":"Liang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-9169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052593365","display_name":"Ehsan Ghazanfari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8501-3294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Ghazanfari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012417400","display_name":"Sibel Pamukcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-6467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Pamukcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071894062","display_name":"Muhannad T. Suleiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-9337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. T. Suleiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Civil & Environ. Eng., Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.5746,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99245868,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.8393149971961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7191435098648071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.6729238629341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6583274006843567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation-model","display_name":"Radio propagation model","score":0.5399472713470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4956854581832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.49299976229667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4615137577056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4381505250930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-signal","display_name":"Radio signal","score":0.4323536157608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3303566575050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27680277824401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24269872903823853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20097526907920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18871423602104187}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.8393149971961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7191435098648071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.6729238629341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6583274006843567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76843793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation model","level":3,"score":0.5399472713470459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4956854581832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.49299976229667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4615137577056885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4381505250930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983886724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4262","display_name":"Radio signal","level":3,"score":0.4323536157608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3303566575050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27680277824401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24269872903823853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20097526907920837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18871423602104187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133708","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.397.2152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.397.2152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cse.lehigh.edu/~cheng/papers/IEEE_Globecom_URPM_final/","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576876986","https://openalex.org/W1980966510","https://openalex.org/W1985452699","https://openalex.org/W2054999444","https://openalex.org/W2087306451","https://openalex.org/W2114781883","https://openalex.org/W2133747552","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2149199568","https://openalex.org/W2155411643","https://openalex.org/W2163658589","https://openalex.org/W2170195314","https://openalex.org/W2183011176","https://openalex.org/W2328092126","https://openalex.org/W6634417728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2289686988","https://openalex.org/W2134681188","https://openalex.org/W3205324984","https://openalex.org/W2081912951","https://openalex.org/W2586232172","https://openalex.org/W2033213170","https://openalex.org/W2131757944","https://openalex.org/W2153973574","https://openalex.org/W4213229910","https://openalex.org/W2053808885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"accurate":[1],"and":[2,18,45,89],"simple":[3],"radio":[4,33,61,67,87],"propagation":[5,35,62,88],"model":[6,30,95],"for":[7],"underground":[8,32,60,71,86],"low-power":[9],"devices":[10],"such":[11],"as":[12],"wireless":[13,25],"sensor":[14,26,72],"nodes":[15,73],"is":[16,21,37],"introduced":[17],"its":[19],"performance":[20],"evaluated":[22],"by":[23],"real":[24],"nodes.":[27],"The":[28],"proposed":[29,59],"describes":[31],"signal":[34,68],"that":[36],"proportional":[38],"to":[39],"e-2ap/\u03c12where":[40],"p":[41],"represents":[42,47],"the":[43,48,53,58,66,81,85,90,93,97],"distance":[44],"\u03b1":[46],"attenuation":[49],"con-":[50],"stant":[51],"reflecting":[52],"soil":[54],"properties.":[55],"To":[56],"evaluate":[57],"model,":[63],"experiments":[64],"measuring":[65],"strength":[69],"with":[70,106],"were":[74],"conducted":[75],"in":[76],"various":[77],"sub-surface":[78],"conditions.":[79],"Comparing":[80],"theoretical":[82,94],"estimations":[83],"of":[84,109],"measured":[91,98],"data,":[92],"fits":[96],"data":[99],"well":[100],"within":[101],"a":[102],"3.45dBm":[103],"deviation":[104],"or":[105],"an":[107],"accuracy":[108],"96.33%":[110],"on":[111],"average.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}