{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1990783569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","title":"Error Floor Analysis of LT Codes over the Additive White Gaussian Noise Channel","display_name":"Error Floor Analysis of LT Codes over the Additive White Gaussian Noise Channel","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1990783569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","mag":"1990783569"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101905437","display_name":"Iqbal Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8363-7805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037292846","display_name":"Ming Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-0835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026962956","display_name":"Lars K. Rasmussen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-9543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. K. Rasmussen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Communication Theory Laboratory, the ACCESS Linneaus Center, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Commun. Theor. Lab., KTH-R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101905437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4018,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9783593,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6885432600975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.679350733757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6278408765792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.609533429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5298352837562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5122806429862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5022752285003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.44537854194641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3690810203552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3204793632030487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27131205797195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.20203468203544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08394995331764221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6885432600975037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.679350733757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6278408765792847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.609533429145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5298352837562561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5122806429862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5022752285003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.44537854194641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3690810203552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3204793632030487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27131205797195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.20203468203544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08394995331764221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2011.6133650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference - GLOBECOM 2011","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493541001","https://openalex.org/W2005428906","https://openalex.org/W2026357470","https://openalex.org/W2066978947","https://openalex.org/W2098480381","https://openalex.org/W2101394529","https://openalex.org/W2102862233","https://openalex.org/W2120453631","https://openalex.org/W2129971925","https://openalex.org/W2135764410","https://openalex.org/W2137107406","https://openalex.org/W2160390925","https://openalex.org/W2293000460","https://openalex.org/W2296125569","https://openalex.org/W4229922087","https://openalex.org/W6629343882","https://openalex.org/W6667311448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220913346","https://openalex.org/W2915071298","https://openalex.org/W2391734534","https://openalex.org/W2359250078","https://openalex.org/W2990230854","https://openalex.org/W2913743571","https://openalex.org/W2125294893","https://openalex.org/W1506992129","https://openalex.org/W2357537191","https://openalex.org/W2036360044"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,18],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,12,25,40,82,98,105,108],"error":[3,27,42,68],"floor":[4,43,69],"performance":[5],"of":[6,81,107,121],"Luby":[7],"Transform":[8],"(LT)":[9],"codes":[10,63],"over":[11],"additive":[13],"white":[14],"Gaussian":[15],"noise":[16],"channel.":[17],"first":[19],"derive":[20],"a":[21,57,66,113,118,122],"lower":[22,67],"bound":[23],"on":[24,52],"bit":[26],"rate":[28],"for":[29,61],"an":[30],"LT":[31,62,100,110],"code,":[32],"which":[33],"we":[34,55],"subsequently":[35],"use":[36],"to":[37,94,97],"show":[38],"that":[39,64],"corresponding":[41],"is":[44,85],"predominantly":[45],"caused":[46],"by":[47],"low-degree":[48],"variable":[49],"nodes.":[50],"Based":[51],"this":[53],"observation,":[54],"propose":[56],"modified":[58,109],"encoding":[59,74],"scheme":[60,84],"provides":[65],"with":[70],"no":[71],"increase":[72],"in":[73],"and":[75,92,116],"decoding":[76],"complexities.":[77],"The":[78],"convergence":[79],"behavior":[80],"proposed":[83],"analyzed":[86],"using":[87],"extrinsic":[88],"information":[89],"transfer":[90],"charts,":[91],"shown":[93],"be":[95],"similar":[96],"original":[99],"code.":[101,124],"Numerical":[102],"examples":[103],"demonstrate":[104],"improvements":[106],"code":[111,115,120],"as":[112,117],"stand-alone":[114],"component":[119],"Raptor":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
